Abstract
Decolorization of molasses wastewater (MWW) from an ethanolic fermentation plant by Phanerochaete chrysosporium was studied. By diluting MWW properly (10%v/v) and incubating it with an appropriate concentration of the spores (2.5 × 106/ml), extensive decolorization occurred (75%) on day 5 of the incubation. The colour removal ability was found to be correlated to the activity of ligninolytic enzyme system: lignin peroxidase (LiP) activity was 185 U/l while manganese peroxidase (MnP) activity equaled 25 U/l. Effects of some selected operating variables were studied: manganese(II), veratryl alcohol (VA), glucose as a carbon source and urea and ammonium nitrate, each as a source of nitrogen. Results showed that the colour reduction and LiP activity were highest (76% and 186 U/l, respectively) either when no Mn(II) was added or added at the lowest level tested (0.16 mg/l to provide 0.3 mg/l). Activity of MnP was highest (25 U/l) when Mn(II) added to the diluted MWW at the highest level (100 ppm) while activity of LiP was lowest (7.1 U/l) at this level of added Mn(II). The colour reduction in the presence of the added VA was shown to be little less than in its absence (70 vs. 75%). When urea as an organic source of nitrogen for the fungus, was added to the MWW, the decolorizing activity of P. chrysosporium decreased significantly (15 vs. 75%) and no activities were detected for LiP and MnP. Use of ammonium nitrate as an inorganic source of nitrogen did not show such a decelerating effects, although no improvements in the metabolic behavior of the fungus (i.e., LiP and MnP activities) deaccelerating was observed. Effects of addition of glucose was also discussed.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Cabalerio, D., Rodrigues, S., Sanroman, A. & Longo, M. 2001 Characterization of deactivation agents & their influence on the stability of manganese-dependent peroxidase from Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology 76, 867.
Capdevila, C., Corrieu, G. & Asther, M. 1989 A feed harvest culturing method to improve lignin peroxidase production by Phanerochaete chrysosporium INA-12 immobilized on polyurethane foam. Journal of Fermentation Biotechnology 68, 60.
Eriksson, N., Blanchette, R. & Ander, P. 1990 Microbial and Enzymatic Degradation of Wood and Wood Compounds. New York: Springer-Verlag ISBN 0-38751600-X.
Faison, B. & Kirk, T. 1985 Factors involved in the regulation of ligninase activity in Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 52, 251.
FitzGibbon, F., Singh, D., McMullan, G. & Marchant, R. 1998 The effect of phenolics acids & molasses spent wash concentration on distillery wastewater remediation by fungi. Process Biochemistry 33, 799.
Fu, Y. & Viraraghavan, T. 2001 Fungal decolourisation of dye wastewaters: A review. Bioresource Technology 79, 251.
Gold, M. & Glenn, J. 1988 Manganese peroxidase from Phanerochaete chrysosporium. In: Methods in Enzymology, Vol. 161, p. 258.
Haapala, R. & Linko, S. 1993 Production of Phanerochaete chrysosporium lignin peroxidase under various culture conditions. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 40, 494.
Jeffries, T., Choi S. & Kirk, T. 1981 Nutritional regulation of lignin degradation by Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 42, 290.
Keyser, P., Kirk, T. & Zeikus, J. 1978 Ligninolytic enzyme system of Phanerochaete chrysosporium synthesized in the absence of lignin in response to nitrogen starvation. Journal of Bacteriology 136, 790.
Kirk, T., Schultz, E., Connors, W., Lorenz, L. & Zeikus, J. 1978 Influence of culture parameters on lignin metabolism by Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Archives of Microbiology 117, 277.
Kirkpatrick, N. & Palmer, J. 1987 Semi-continuous ligninase production using foam-immobilized Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Appllied Microbiology and Biotechnology 27, 129.
Kling, S. & Neto, J. 1991 Oxidation of methylene blue by crude lignin peroxidase from Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Journal of Biotechnology 21, 295.
Lacina, C., Germin, G. & Spiros, A. 2003 Utilization of fungi for biotreatment of new wastewater: a review. African Journal of Biotechnology 2, 620.
Linko, S. 1988 Production & characterization of extracellular lignin peroxidase from immobilized Phanerochaete chrysosporium in a 10L bioreactor. Enzyme and Microbial. Technology 10, 410.
Miranda, M., Benito, G., Cristobal, N. & Nieto, C. 1996 Colour elimination from molasses waster waters by Aspergillus niger. Bioresource Technology 57, 229.
Paszezynski, A. & Crawford, R. 1991 Degradation of azo compounds by ligninase from Phanerochaete chrysosporium: involvement of veratryl alcohol. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 178, 1056.
Pease, E., Aust, S. & Tien, M. 1991 Heterologous expression of active manganese peroxidase from Phanerochaete chrysosporium using the baculovirus expression system. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 179, 897.
Rodriguez, S., Barreiro, M., Rivera, I., Longo, M. & Sanroman, A. 2003 Performance of a solid state immersion bioreactor for ligninolytic enzyme production: evaluation of different operational variables. Process Biochemistry 38, 219.
Sayadi, S., & Ellouz, R. 1993 Decolourisation of olive mill waste waters by the white rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium: Involvement of the lignin-degrading system. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 37, 843.
Sayadi, S. & Ellouz, R. 1995 Roles of lignin peroxidase & manganese peroxidase from Phanerochaete chrysosporium in the decolorization of olive mill wastewaters. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 61, 1098.
Sirianuntapiboon, S., Somchai, P., Sihanonth, P., Atthasampunna, P. & Ohmomo, S. 1988 Microbial Decolourisation of molasses waste waters by Mycelia sterilia D90. Agricultural and Biological Chemistry 52, 393.
Tien, M. & Kirk, K. 1988 Lignin peroxidase of Phanerochaete chrysosporium. In: Methods in Enzymology, Vol. 161, p. 242.
Vahabzadeh, F., Mogharei, A. & Mehranian, M. 2002 Decolourisation of molasses waste water from an alcoholic fermentation process with Phanerochaete chrysosporium – involvement of ligninase. Iranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 21, 126.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Vahabzadeh, F., Mehranian, M. & Saatari, A. Color removal ability of Phanerochaete chrysosporium in relation to lignin peroxidase and manganese peroxidase produced in molasses wastewater. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 20, 859–864 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-004-9005-9
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-004-9005-9