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“Assessment of Spatiotemporal Water Quality Variations, Impact Analysis and Trophic Status of Big Soda Lake Van, Turkey

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Abstract

The study was conducted in order to assess the spatiotemporal variations of selected water quality parameters, impact analysis, and trophic status on the Edremit shores of Lake Van. Water samples were collected from 10 representative sampling stations taken from the influent, effluent, and from Lake Van itself in order to analyze the physicochemical parameters in both dry and wet seasons. The trophic status of the lake was determined using Carlson trophic state index. Impact analysis was conducted based on the method most commonly used in management strategies related to surface waters in Turkey. The results of the study show that five factors obtained from principal component indicated that the parameters responsible for water quality changes were mostly related to salts and soda, physicochemical parameters, point and diffuse pollutions discharge, and other organic pollutants. In the impact analysis pH, COD (chemical oxygen demand), BOD (biological oxygen demand), and TP (total phosphorus) (except for EC (electrical conductivity)) parameters were found to have medium impact, while DO (dissolved oxygen) and TN (total nitrogen) parameters had no impact. The pH, EC, SO4−2, Cl−, TP, COD, and BOD values measured at 10 sampling stations were considered to be Class IV according to national regulations. The final trophic status of lake, according to the Carlson trophic index, was assessed to be eutrophic. Understanding this variation is important so as to develop new ways to resolve issues of sustainable water management. In addition, it is considered essential to prepare guidelines for the trophic status of Lake Van.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to sincerely thank Ahmet DURAK, at the Van Water and Sewerage Administration General Directorate Treatment Plant for his contribution to the field work of this study, and to Cumali TURKOGLU, Branch Manager at the Sanliurfa Water and Sewerage Administration General Directorate Treatment Plant for his contribution to water quality data.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Environmental Engineering Department, VanYuzuncu Yil University, 65000, Van, Turkey

    Ayse Ozguven

  2. Environmental Engineering Department, Bitlis Eren University, 13000, Bitlis, Turkey

    Aysegul Demir Yetis

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  1. Ayse Ozguven
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Correspondence to Aysegul Demir Yetis.

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Highlights

• The Lake Van is Turkey’s largest lake and the world’s largest soda lake.

• The water quality of the lake was characterized with correlation matrix, factor analysis, impact analysis and spatio-temporal analysis.

• The water quality in the lake was determined as Class IV in terms of the pH, EC, SO4−2, Cl−, TP, COD and BOD values.

• The final trophic status of Lake Van was assessed as “eutrophic” according to the Carlson trophic index.

• In the impact analysis, the pH, COD, BOD and TP values had “medium impact” while the EC values had “high impact”.

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Ozguven, A., Demir Yetis, A. “Assessment of Spatiotemporal Water Quality Variations, Impact Analysis and Trophic Status of Big Soda Lake Van, Turkey. Water Air Soil Pollut 231, 260 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-020-04622-x

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