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The Selection Exerted by Oil Contamination on Mangrove Fungal Communities

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Abstract

Mangrove ecosystems are tropical environments that are characterized by the interaction between the land and the sea. As such, this ecosystem is vulnerable to oil spills. Here, we show a culture-independent survey of fungal communities that are found in the sediments of the following two mangroves that are located on the coast of Sao Paulo State (Brazil): (1) an oil-spill-affected mangrove and (2) a nearby unaffected mangrove. Samples were collected from each mangrove forest at three distinct locations (transect from sea to land), and the samples were analyzed by quantitative PCR and internal transcribed spacer (ITS)-based PCR-DGGE analysis. The abundance of fungi was found to be higher in the oil-affected mangrove. Visual observation and correspondence analysis (CA) of the ITS-based PCR-DGGE profiles revealed differences in the fungal communities between the sampled areas. Remarkably, the oil-spilled area was quite distinct from the unaffected sampling areas. On the basis of the ITS sequences, fungi that are associated with the Basidiomycota and Ascomycota taxa were most common and belonged primarily to the genera Epicoccum, Nigrospora, and Cladosporium. Moreover, the Nigrospora fungal species were shown to be sensitive to oil, whereas a group that was described as “uncultured Basidiomycota” was found more frequently in oil-contaminated areas. Our results showed an increase in fungal abundance in the oil-polluted mangrove regions, and these data indicated potential fungal candidates for remediation of the oil-affected mangroves.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by a grant from the State of São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP/BIOTA 2004/13910-6). Also, C. C. Fasanella received a graduate fellowship from National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq, Brazil), and A.C.F. Dias (2008/54013-8) received a graduate fellowship. We also thank the support from João L. Silva for their support in mangrove expeditions and samplings and Msc. Francisco Dini-Andreote for the critical revision and discussion of the article.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Genetics, “Luiz de Queiroz” College of Agriculture, University of Sao Paulo, Piracicaba, Sao Paulo, Brazil

    Cristiane Cipola Fasanella & Aline Aparecida Pizzirani-Kleiner

  2. Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of Sao Paulo, Piracicaba, Sao Paulo, Brazil

    Armando Cavalcante Franco Dias, Janaina Rigonato, Marli de Fátima Fiore, Fábio Lino Soares Jr & Fernando Dini Andreote

  3. Department of Soil Science, “Luiz de Queiroz” College of Agriculture, University of Sao Paulo (ESALQ/USP), Av. Pádua Dias, 11, Piracicaba, Sao Paulo, 13418-900, Brazil

    Cristiane Cipola Fasanella, Armando Cavalcante Franco Dias, Fábio Lino Soares Jr & Fernando Dini Andreote

  4. Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology, Embrapa Environment, Jaguariuna, Sao Paulo, Brazil

    Itamar Soares Melo

  5. Department of Microbial Ecology, Center for Ecological and Evolutionary Studies (CEES), University of Groningen (RUG), Nijenborgh 7, 9747AG, Groningen, The Netherlands

    Jan Dirk van Elsas

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  1. Cristiane Cipola Fasanella
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  2. Armando Cavalcante Franco Dias
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  4. Marli de Fátima Fiore
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Correspondence to Fernando Dini Andreote.

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Fasanella, C.C., Dias, A.C.F., Rigonato, J. et al. The Selection Exerted by Oil Contamination on Mangrove Fungal Communities. Water Air Soil Pollut 223, 4233–4243 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-012-1187-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-012-1187-4

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