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Advocacy with Gloves on: The “Manners” of Strategy Used by Some Third Sector Organizations Undertaking Advocacy in NSW and Queensland

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Abstract

This article examines the strategies used by some third sector organizations in Australia to advocate. The purpose of this article is to identify the kinds of activities that organizations in New South Wales and Queensland use to promote advocacy, the kinds of language that is used to describe these activities, and the reasons given for the particular strategies adopted. The extent to which the organizations adopt “softer” (that is more institutional forms of advocacy) rather than more openly challenging forms of activism is examined, particularly in light of a neo-liberal political and economic environment. In this analysis emergent strategies are identified that are not easily categorized as either “institutional” or “radical” advocacy. The article presents an exploratory analysis of some of the implications of the strategies adopted, in terms of their democratic effects and potential to strengthen the capacity of third sector organizations. The article is informed by the findings of a qualitative research project involving interviews with 24 organizations in the community services and environmental fields.

Résumé

Cet article étudie les stratégies utilisées par certaines organisations du tiers secteur en Australie pour leur militantisme. Il a pour but d’identifier les types d’activités auxquelles les organisations de la Nouvelle-Galles du Sud (New South Wales) et du Queensland ont recours afin d’appuyer leurs revendications, le type de langage utilisé pour décrire leurs activités, ainsi que les raisons des stratégies spécifiques adoptées. Il y est étudié la mesure dans laquelle ces organisations ont recours à des formes d’activisme«douces»(c’est-à-dire des formes plus institutionnelles de militantisme) au lieu de formes plus ouvertement intimidantes, en particulier face à un environnement politique et économique néolibéral. Cette analyze identifie les stratégies émergentes qui ne peuvent pas entrer facilement dans la catégorie du militantisme«institutionnel»ni«extrémiste». L’étude présente une analyze exploratoire de certaines des répercutions induites par les stratégies adoptées, en termes de leurs effets démocratiques et de leur pouvoir à renforcer les capacités des organisations du tiers secteur. Cette étude est éclairée par les conclusions d’un projet de recherche qualitatif comprenant notamment les interviews de 24 organisations dans les secteurs des services collectifs et de l’environnement.

Zusammenfassung

Dieser Artikel untersucht die von einigen australischen Dritte-Sektor-Organisationen angewendeten Strategien, wenn sie sich für eine Sache einsetzen. Das Ziel des Artikels ist es, die verschiedenen Aktivitäten, die die Organisationen in New South Wales (NSW) und Queensland bei der Fürsprache nutzen, die Sprachauswahl zur Beschreibung dieser Aktivitäten und die Gründe zur Annahme bestimmter Strategien zu identifizieren. Angesichts eines neo-liberalen politischen und ökonomischen Umfeld wird das Ausmaß, zu dem die Organisationen “weichere” (d.h. institutionellere Formen von Fürsprache) anstelle von offen herausfordernderen Formen von Aktivismus einsetzen, untersucht. Strategien, die nicht einfach als entweder „institutionelle“oder „radikale“Fürsprache kategorisiert werden können, werden identifiziert. Dieser Artikel analysiert orientierend einige Implikationen der angewandten Strategien bezüglich deren demokratische Wirkung und Potential, die Leistungsfähigkeit von Dritte-Sektor-Organisationen zu stärken. Die Ergebnisse eines qualitativen Forschungsprojekts, das Interviews mit 24 Organisationen in den Feldern soziale Dienste und Umwelt einbezog, untermauern diesen Artikel.

Resumen

En este trabajo se analizan las estrategias adoptadas por algunas organizaciones australianas del tercer sector en sus actividades de defensa. El propósito de este trabajo es identificar las clases de actividades que llevan a cabo las organizaciones de Nueva Gales del Sur y Queensland para fomentar la defensa, los tipos de lenguaje utilizados para describir esas actividades y las razones ofrecidas para adoptar determinadas estrategias. Se examina hasta qué punto las organizaciones adoptan formas de activismo más suaves (o formas de activismo más institucionales) en lugar de otras abiertamente desafiantes, especialmente en el marco de un entorno político y económico neoliberal. En este análisis se identifican estrategias emergentes que no pueden clasificarse ni como “institucionales” ni como “radicales”. El trabajo presenta un estudio analítico de algunas de las implicaciones de las estrategias adoptadas, en términos de efectos democráticos y el potencial para reforzar la capacidad de las organizaciones del tercer sector. El hilo conductor del trabajo son los hallazgos de un proyecto de investigación cualitativo que incluye entrevistas con 24 organizaciones de servicios comunitarios y medioambientales.

摘要

本论文对澳大利亚某些第三产业机构采用的宣传策略进行了研究,本论文的目的是确定新南威尔士州和昆士兰州的机构用于促进宣传的活动类型、用于描述这些活动的语言类型以及采用特定策略的理由,本论文还分析了尤其是在新自由主义政治经济环境下机构采用”较温和”(更加统一的宣传形式)而不是更开放的具有挑战性的活动形式的程度。在该分析中,新式策略被确定为不能简单地分类为”统一”或”激进”的宣传策略。论文在用以加强第三产业机构能力的民主效应及潜力方面对所采用的策略的某些含意进行了探究,论文是由一项对从事社区服务和环境领域的24家机构进行采访的定性研究项目的调查结果形成的。

ملخص

يبحث هذا البحث في الإستراتيجيات المستخدمة من قبل بعض منظمات القطاع الثالث في أستراليا للدفاع. الغرض من هذا البحث هو تحديد أنواع الأنشطة التي تستخدمها المنظمات في نيو ساوث ويلز وكوينزلاند لتعزيز الدفاع ، وذلك النوع من اللغة التي تستخدم لوصف هذه الأنشطة ، والأسباب التي أعطيت لإستراتيجيات معينة متخذة. إلى أي مدى المنظمات تختار “الإعتدال” (الذي هو أكثر أشكال مؤسسية الدفاع) وليس فحص أكثر أشكال نشاط التحدي الواضح ، لا سيما في ضوء وجود بيئة الليبرالية الجديدة السياسية والاقتصادية. في هذا التحليل ، يتم تحديد الاستراتيجيات الناشئة التي لا يسهل تصنيفها إما “مؤسسية” أو “راديكالية” في مجال الدفاع. البحث يعرض تحليلاً استكشافياً لبعض الآثار المترتبة على الإستراتيجيات المتخذة ، من حيث آثارها الديمقراطية و إحتمال تعزيز قدرة منظمات القطاع الثالث. البحث على علم بالنتائج التي توصل إليها مشروع البحوث النوعية التي تنطوي على إجراء مقابلات مع 24 منظمة في خدمات المجتمع والمجالات البيئية.

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Notes

  1. According to Australian Taxation Office (ATO) guidelines organizations with a political purpose, i.e., those whose primary purpose is to advocate for a political party or cause, to change the law or government policy, or to promote a particular point of view are defined as non-charitable organizations and thus are not eligible for tax exempt charity status. Organizations undertaking incidental advocacy activities to support a charitable purpose do not jeopardize tax exempt status. The ATO states that: “Charities can carry out political, lobbying and advocacy activities, where they are only carried out for the sake of, or in aid of, or in furtherance of the charitable purposes.” (Australian Taxation Office 2005). Charities—Political, Lobbying and Advocacy Activities (http://www.ato.gov.au/print.asp?doc=/).

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Onyx, J., Armitage, L., Dalton, B. et al. Advocacy with Gloves on: The “Manners” of Strategy Used by Some Third Sector Organizations Undertaking Advocacy in NSW and Queensland. Voluntas 21, 41–61 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11266-009-9106-z

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