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Human pegivirus (HPgV) infection in Ghanaians co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV)

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Abstract

Human pegivirus (HPgV) is a positive single-stranded RNA virus in the Flaviviridae family. Phylogenetic analysis reveals the presence of multiple HPgV genotypes with distinct geographic locations. HPgV is of interest because of its potential beneficial impact on HIV disease progression. Despite this, the effects of HPgV in the context of other viral infections, such as hepatitis B virus (HBV), are poorly understood, and data from resource-limited settings are scarce. Therefore, we conducted a cross-sectional analysis of HPgV in HIV/HBV co-infected patients in Ghana. Sera from 100 HIV/HBV co-infected individuals were evaluated for HPgV RNA, and the genotype determined by sequencing the 5′ untranslated region. HPgV RNA was detected in 27 samples (27%). Of these, 26 were genotyped successfully with 23 belonging to HPgV genotype 1 and 3 belonging to HPgV genotype 2. The presence of HPgV RNA had no statistically significant impact on CD4 cell count or HBV DNA titers in the HIV/HBV co-infected patients. However, there was a trend towards decreased HBV DNA levels in HPgV RNA-positive patients with CD4 cell count < 200 (p = 0.0626). HPgV co-infection is common in Ghana. The effect of HPgV on HIV or HBV disease among HIV/HBV co-infected patients was minimal. However, decreased HBV DNA levels in HPgV RNA-positive patients with low CD4 cell counts highlight the need for prospective studies of HPgV in HIV and hepatitis co-infected patients, especially in those with advanced HIV disease, to study further the effects of HPgV on liver disease.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the study participants of the Fevers Unit of the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital in Accra, Ghana, and the Pathobiology & Molecular Medicine PhD program at the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine for their generous support. This study was funded by a 2012 International Developmental Grant from the Lifespan/Tufts/Brown CFAR (P30AI042853) and the Brown/Tufts AIDS International Training and Research Program (D43TW000237) provided to Drs. Archampong and Kwara. Additional support was provided by Brown University—University of Ghana partnership through a USAID/HED grant (Award # AEG-A-00-05-00007).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Digestive Diseases, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA

    Kombo F. N’Guessan, Ceejay Boyce & Jason T. Blackard

  2. College of Medicine and Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA

    Awewura Kwara

  3. Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana

    Timothy N. A. Archampong, Margaret Lartey & Adjoa Obo-Akwa

  4. Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana

    Timothy N. A. Archampong, Margaret Lartey & Ernest Kenu

  5. Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana

    Kwamena W. Sagoe

  6. School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana

    Ernest Kenu

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  1. Kombo F. N’Guessan
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Contributions

KFN, AK, TNA, and JTB designed the study. KFN, CB, AK, TNA, ML, KWS, EK, AOA, and JTB enrolled the study population, conducted laboratory work, and/or performed data analysis. All authors edited the manuscript draft.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jason T. Blackard.

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The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interests. Informed consent was obtained from individuals attending the Fevers Unit of the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital in Accra, Ghana.

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Edited by Wolfram Gerlich.

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N’Guessan, K.F., Boyce, C., Kwara, A. et al. Human pegivirus (HPgV) infection in Ghanaians co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV). Virus Genes 54, 361–367 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11262-018-1555-2

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