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Genomic deletions and mutations resulting in the loss of eight genes reduce the in vivo replication capacity of Meleagrid herpesvirus 1

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Abstract

Meleagrid herpesvirus 1 (MeHV-1 or turkey herpesvirus) has been widely used as a vaccine in commercial poultry. Initially, these vaccine applications were for the prevention of Marek’s disease resulting from Gallid herpesvirus 2 infections, while more recently MeHV-1 has been used as recombinant vector for other poultry infections. The construction of herpesvirus infectious clones that permit propagation and manipulation of the viral genome in bacterial hosts has advanced the studies of herpesviral genetics. The current study reports the construction of five MeHV-1 infectious clones. The in vitro properties of viruses recovered from these clones were indistinguishable from the parental MeHV-1. In contrast, the rescued MeHV-1 viruses were significantly attenuated when used in vivo. Complete sequencing of the infectious clones identified the absence of two regions of the MeHV-1 genome compared to the MeHV-1 reference sequence. These analyses determined the rescued viruses have seven genes, UL43, UL44, UL45, UL56, HVT071, sorf3 and US2 either partially or completely deleted. In addition, single nucleotide polymorphisms were identified in all clones compared with the MeHV-1 reference sequence. As a consequence of one of the polymorphisms identified in the UL13 gene, four of the rescued viruses were predicted to encode a serine/threonine protein kinase lacking two of three domains required for activity. Thus four of the recovered viruses have a total of eight missing or defective genes. The implications of these findings in the context of herpesvirus biology and infectious clone construction are discussed.

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Acknowledgments

This research was conducted within the Poultry CRC, established and supported under the Australian Government’s Cooperative Research Centres Program. R.N.H. was a recipient of an Australian Postgraduate Research Award.

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Author notes

  1. Robyn N. Hall

    Present address: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation – Biosecurity Flagship, Black Mountain, 2601, Australia

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, Centre for Animal Science, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, 4072, Australia

    Timothy J. Mahony & Neena Mitter

  2. Poultry Cooperative Research Centre, Armidale, 2351, Australia

    Robyn N. Hall, Vanessa Hardy & Neena Mitter

  3. School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, 4343, Australia

    Robyn N. Hall & Joanne Meers

  4. School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, 2351, Australia

    Stephen Walkden-Brown & A.F.M. Fakhrul Islam

  5. Animal Science, Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, St Lucia, 4072, Australia

    Jennifer L. Gravel, Lani West, Vanessa Hardy & Elizabeth V. Fowler

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  1. Timothy J. Mahony
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Correspondence to Timothy J. Mahony.

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Mahony, T.J., Hall, R.N., Walkden-Brown, S. et al. Genomic deletions and mutations resulting in the loss of eight genes reduce the in vivo replication capacity of Meleagrid herpesvirus 1 . Virus Genes 51, 85–95 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11262-015-1216-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11262-015-1216-7

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