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The effects of hypnotherapy during transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate needle biopsy for pain and anxiety

  • Urology - Original article
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Abstract

Introduction

Several studies evaluating the tolerance of transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)-guided needle biopsies showed that moderate-to-severe pain was associated with the procedure. Additionally, prebiopsy anxiety or rebiopsy as a result of a prior biopsy procedure is mentioned as factors predisposing to higher pain intensity. Thus, in this study, we investigated the effects of hypnotherapy during transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate needle biopsy for pain and anxiety.

Materials and methods

Sixty-four patients presenting for TRUS-guided prostate needle biopsy were randomly assigned to receive either 10-min presurgery hypnosis session (n = 32, mean age 63.5 ± 6.1, p = 0.289) or a presurgery control session (n = 32, mean age 61.8 ± 6.8, p = 0.289). The hypnosis session involved suggestions for increased relaxation and decreased anxiety. Presurgery pain and anxiety were measured using visual analog scales (VAS), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAS), respectively. In our statistics, p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results

Postintervention, and before surgery, patients in the hypnosis group had significantly lower mean values for presurgery VAS [mean 1 (0–8); p = 0.011], BAI (6.0 vs 2.0; p < 0.001), and HAS (11.0 vs 6.0; p < 0.001).

Conclusion

The study results indicate that a brief presurgery hypnosis intervention can be an effective means of controlling presurgical anxiety, and therefore pain, in patients awaiting diagnostic prostate cancer surgery.

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Acknowledgments

Special thanks to Associated Professor Dr. Aydın Köşüş for his valuable analysis and support in this paper’s statistical analysis and comment.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Ankara Oncology Research and Treatment Center, Ankara, Turkey

    Fatih Hızlı, İsmail Selvi, Pınar Eraslan, Okan Baş, Taha Numan Yıkılmaz, Oğuz Güven & Halil Başar

  2. Turgut Özal University, Ankara, Turkey

    Osman Özcan & Aydın Köşüş

Authors
  1. Fatih Hızlı
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  2. Osman Özcan
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  3. İsmail Selvi
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  4. Pınar Eraslan
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  5. Aydın Köşüş
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  6. Okan Baş
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  7. Taha Numan Yıkılmaz
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  8. Oğuz Güven
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  9. Halil Başar
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Taha Numan Yıkılmaz.

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No conflict of interest was declared by the authors.

Ethics committee approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Written informed consent was obtained from patients who participated in this study.

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Hızlı, F., Özcan, O., Selvi, İ. et al. The effects of hypnotherapy during transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate needle biopsy for pain and anxiety. Int Urol Nephrol 47, 1773–1777 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11255-015-1111-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11255-015-1111-0

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