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Transitional cell carcinoma of the clitoris: direct implantation or metastasis

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Abstract

Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the bladder is the seventh most frequent cancer of women. The possible mechanisms of local tumor recurrence are seeding and multicentricity. Distant metastases are most frequently as a result of vascular or lymphatic spread and to a lesser extent by seeding of the tumor cells with urine or transurethral instrumentation. We report a clitoral metastasis of a TCC of the bladder, which is a very unexpected and extremely rare site for metatstasis and discuss whether the possible mechanism is vascular spreading or direct seeding. To our knowledge this is the third case in the literature.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Urology Department, Mustafa Kemal University-Hatay, Hatay, Turkey

    Esref O. Guven

  2. Urology Department, Gulhane Military Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey

    Mete Kilciler, Selahattin Bedir & Yasar Ozgok

  3. Urology Department, Ankara Mevki Military Hospital, Ankara, Turkey

    Ali Avci

Authors
  1. Esref O. Guven
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  2. Mete Kilciler
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  3. Selahattin Bedir
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  4. Ali Avci
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  5. Yasar Ozgok
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Correspondence to Esref O. Guven.

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Guven, E.O., Kilciler, M., Bedir, S. et al. Transitional cell carcinoma of the clitoris: direct implantation or metastasis. Int Urol Nephrol 39, 829–831 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11255-006-9111-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11255-006-9111-8

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