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Genetic association between feed efficiency, growth, scrotal circumference, and carcass traits in Guzerat cattle

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Abstract

The objective of this study was to estimate the genetic parameters for feed efficiency-related traits and their genetic correlations with growth, male fertility, and carcass traits using multi-trait analysis in Guzerat cattle. Further, it aimed to predict the direct and correlated responses for feed efficiency traits when selection was applied for growth, male fertility, and carcass traits. The evaluated traits were adjusted weight at 120 (W120), 210 (W210), 365 (W365), and 450 days of age (W450), adjusted scrotal circumference at 365 days of age (SC365) and at 450 days of age (SC450), scrotal circumference, ribeye area (REA), backfat thickness (BFT), rump fat thickness (RFT), residual feed intake (RFI), and dry matter intake (DMI). The genetic parameters were obtained by the restricted maximum likelihood method (REML), using an animal model in multi-trait analyses. The heritability estimates for W120, W210, W365, W450, SC365, and SC450 varied from low to high (0.17 to 0.39). The carcass traits, REA, BFT, and RFT, displayed low to moderate heritability estimates, 0.27, 0.10, and 0.31, respectively. The heritability estimates for RFI (0.15) and DMI (0.23) were low and moderate, respectively. The RFI showed low genetic correlations with growth traits, ranging from − 0.07 to 0.22, from 0.03 to 0.05 for scrotal circumference, and from − 0.35 to 0.16 for carcass, except for DMI, which ranged from 0.42 to 0.46. The RFI and DMI presented enough additive genetic variability to be used as selection criteria in Guzerat breed genetic improvement program. Additionally, the response to selection for RFI would be higher when selection is performed directly for this trait. The selection for residual feed intake would not promote unfavorable correlated responses for scrotal circumference, carcass (yield and finish), and growth traits. Therefore, the selection for more efficient animals would not compromise the productive, reproductive, and carcass performance, contributing to reduce the production costs, increasing the profitability and sustainability of beef cattle production in tropical areas.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the National Association of Breeders and Researchers (ANCP) for the weight, scrotal circumference, carcass and feed efficiency.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Animal Science Department, Goiás Federal University, Esperança, s/n, GO, 74690-900, Goiânia, Brazil

    Letícia Silva Pereira, Adriana Santana do Carmo & Byanka Bueno Soares

  2. Embrapa Cerrados, 73310-970, BR-020, Km 18, DF, Planaltina, Brazil

    Ludmilla Costa Brunes, Eduardo da Costa Eifert & Cláudio Ulhôa Magnabosco

  3. Animal Science Department, São Paulo State University - Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Prof. Paulo Donato Castelane, SP, 14884-900, Jaboticabal, Brazil

    Fernando Baldi

  4. Veterinary School, University center Barão de Mauá, Ramos de Azevedo, SP, 14090-062, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil

    Valentina Magnabosco

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The authors L.S Pereira: Conceptualization, methodology, formal analysis & writing - original draft. L.C Brunes: Conceptualization, methodology, formal analysis & writing. F. Baldi: Conceptualization, methodology, formal analysis, writing – original draft. A.S Carmo: Conceptualization, writing, review & editing. B. B. Soares: Conceptualization. E. C Eifert: Conceptualization & methodology. V. Magnabosco: Writing – original draft. C.U Magnabosco: Conceptualization, methodology, formal analysis, writing – review & editing.

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Correspondence to Letícia Silva Pereira.

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This study was approved by the Ethics and Animal Experimentation Committee/CEUA of the Universidade Federal de Goiás, protocol N. 087/20.

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Pereira, L.S., Brunes, L.C., Baldi, F. et al. Genetic association between feed efficiency, growth, scrotal circumference, and carcass traits in Guzerat cattle. Trop Anim Health Prod 55, 132 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-023-03552-0

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