Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate bacterial species and diversity of methanogenic Archaea in the solid fraction of the ruminal content, through the gene sequences of the conserved 16S rDNA region, in response to the following diets: canola, cottonseed, sunflower, soybean, corn silage, and control diet. Six rumen-fistulated crossbred steers, with body weight (BW) of 416.33 ± 93.30 kg, were distributed in a 6 × 6 Latin square design. Regardless of the diet provided, amylolytic, proteolytic, and lactic bacteria were identified in the rumen fluid. Cellulolytic bacteria were predominant for all diets, reaching 47.75% of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in animals fed with the cottonseed diet. Amylolytic bacteria reach 62.51% of OTU in animal fed sunflower diet, while proteolytic bacteria correspond to 65.96% of OTU in this same diet. Also, Megasphaera elsdenii bacterium was identified for all diets, with a greater percentage of OTU in steers fed the cottonseed diet. The diversity analysis of the species identified the methanogenic Archaea Methanobrevibacter ruminantium in all diets. We conclude that the control and corn silage diets have the most similar bacterial flora; diets with oilseeds had 47.5% similarity in rumen flora bacteria species. Animals fed with soybean showed a reduced number of methanogenic Archaea in the rumen content, which could be an alternative feed for cattle due to their low potential for energy losses with the production of methane.
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The authors thank the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Dom Bosco Catholic University, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Fundação de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento do Ensino, Ciência e Tecnologia do Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul (FUNDECT), and Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) (Financing Code 001).
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This work was supported by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior [CAPES, Financing Code 001]; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico [CNPq], and Fundação de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento do Ensino, Ciência e Tecnologia do Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul [FUNDECT].
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LCVI, APC, CCBFI, RAC, RGM, and CB: Planning and design of the study. HSAM, MVGN and GJM: Conducting, sampling, and samples analysis. LCVI and APC: Statistical analysis. HSAM and CSZ: Manuscript: All the authors contribute equally to editing and finalizing the manuscript.
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de Melo, H.S.A., Ítavo, L.C.V., de Castro, A.P. et al. Bacterial species in the ruminal content of steers fed oilseeds in the diet. Trop Anim Health Prod 54, 396 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-022-03399-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-022-03399-x