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Effect of supplementation of phytogenic feed additives on intake, in vitro fermentation, growth performance and carcass traits in weaned Barbari kids reared under intensive feeding

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Abstract

Twenty-four weaned male Barbari kids (age 144.67 days; weight 11.99 ± 0.49 kg) were divided equally into three groups (T1, T2, and T3) in order to investigate the effect of supplementation of phytogenic feed additives (herbal mixture) in the complete pelleted feed on growth performance, in vitro rumen fermentation and carcass quality in kids reared under stall-fed condition. Treatment groups were as follows: T1, concentrate mixture (40%) plus arhar (Cajanus cajan) straw (60%) in total mixed ration (TMR) form fed ad libitum; T2, T1 diet in complete feed pellets form fed ad libitum; and T3, T1 diet in complete feed pellets form supplemented with herbal mixture (Tulsi/Haldi/Amla/Arni; ratio 1:1:1:1 on DM basis) at 0.5% in complete feed fed ad libitum. The experimental kids in each group were allowed for feeding for 8 months by following the respective feeding schedule. Rumen fermentation pattern under in vitro system was also studied using the same three diets as substrates. After 240 days of feeding, all goats were slaughtered following standard protocol. Total body weight gain (kg) and average daily gain (ADG, g/day/kid) were 18.57, 22.26, and 23.06 kg, and 79.91, 101.49, and 100.18 g in T1, T2, and T3 treatments, respectively. Pelleting of TMR (T2) and supplementation of herbal mixture in pelleted feed (T3) increased (P < 0.001) average daily weight gain in Barbari kids compared to T1 (TMR). Average dry matter intake (DMI, g/day/kid) during growth trial was greater (P < 0.05) in T3 (1079.17) than T1 (849.76) and T2 (968.76). Feed conversion efficiency was 8.92, 9.48, and 8.68% in T1, T2, and T3, respectively. The difference was statistically non-significant among the treatments. Supplementation of herbal mixture in the complete pelleted substrate had adjunct effect on improvement of TCA-precipitable-N and total VFAs in the incubation medium under in vitro system. Carcass weight (kg) tended to increase in finisher kids under T2 (16.58) and T3 (16.70) than T1 (14.61), but the variation was non-significant. The dressing percentage was similar among three treatments. Similarly, the muscle protein, fat, and cholesterol contents remained unaffected by different dietary treatments. Therefore, it may be concluded that densification of feeds in the form of complete pelleted feed and further supplementation with potential phytogenic feed additives increased total DMI and ADG and tended to enhance meat production potential in finisher Barbari kids without changing the meat chemical composition.

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Acknowledgements

The authors sincerely acknowledge the Director, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Farah, Mathura, India, for facilitating this research work.

Funding

This work was supported by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research and ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Mathura, UP, India.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Nutrition, Feed Resource and Products Technology Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, P.O. Farah-281 122, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Indu Chaturvedi

  2. ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal, 741 235, India

    T. K. Dutta, A. Chatterjee, Dilip Kumar Mandal, C. Bhakat & Asif Mohammad

  3. Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairy Science, Raja Balwant Singh College, Dr. Bhim Rao Ambedkar University, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India

    P. K. Singh

  4. ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, Belgachia Road, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700 037, India

    Arun K. Das

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Contributions

IC: conducted the experiment as a part of Ph. D. research work; TKD and PKS: guided the research work; AC, DKM, CB, AM: helped in writing the manuscript, statistical analysis of data; AKD: helped in slaughter study in the experiment

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Correspondence to T. K. Dutta.

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The above animal study was conducted as per committee approval of Dr. Bhim Rao Ambedkar University, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, and ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats (Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India) (enrollment approval no. 5894), and all standard Institutional ethical protocols including animal right issues were followed during entire experimental period.

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Chaturvedi, I., Dutta, T.K., Singh, P.K. et al. Effect of supplementation of phytogenic feed additives on intake, in vitro fermentation, growth performance and carcass traits in weaned Barbari kids reared under intensive feeding. Trop Anim Health Prod 54, 150 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-022-03142-6

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