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Production performance of sheep and goat breeds at a farm in a semi-arid region of Namibia

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Abstract

This study retrospectively investigated the effect of breed and season on the lambing/kidding dynamics, growth performance, neonatal viability, and weaning dynamics of sheep (Damara, Dorper, and Swakara) and goats (Boer goat and Kalahari Red) at a farm in the Khomas Region of Namibia between 2004 and 2015. Litter size was dependent on breed (X2(12, N = 3388) = 796, p < 0.001), with twinning more frequent in Dorper sheep and Kalahari Red and Boer goats than in the Damara and Swakara sheep (p < 0.05), while triplets were more prevalent in the Dorper sheep and Kalahari Red goats (2.8% and 1.0%, respectively; p < 0.05). Distribution of birth weight categories was dependent on breed. There was a significant difference in the proportions of birth weight categories between breeds (X2(12, N = 3388) = 467, p < 0.001) whereby Dorper lambs were mostly born weighing below 3 kg (2.6%, p < 0.05); Boer goat kids, Kalahari Red kids, and Damara lambs were mostly born weighing 3 to < 4 kg (4.3%, 6.3% and 19.9%, respectively; p < 0.05); Swakara lambs were mostly born weighing 4 to < 5 kg (12.2%, p < 0.05), and Swakara lambs were mostly born weighing ≥ 5 kg (3.3% and 2.3%, respectively, p < 0.05). Weaning age categories were dependent on breed (X2(12, N = 3388) = 241, p < 0.001) whereby Dorper lambs were mostly weaned at below 3 months of age (2.8%, p < 0.05); Damara lambs were mostly weaned at 3 to < 5 months of age (12%, p < 0.05), and Boer goat kids were mostly weaned at ≥ 5 months of age (0.9%, p < 0.05). Neonatal viability was dependent on breed (X2(8, N = 3388) = 49.2, p < 0.001) whereby Dorper lambs were more susceptible to abortions and neonatal deaths (0.6% and 1.5%, respectively; p < 0.05) than the rest of the breeds. Breed and lambing season interacted to produce effects on the birth weight of offspring although lambing season alone did not have a significant effect on Boer goat and Kalahari Red kids’ birth weights.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to sincerely thank the University of Namibia for availing the data which was used in this study.

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  1. School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Namibia, Private Bag 13301, Pionierspark, Windhoek, Namibia

    Erick Kandiwa, Frank Chitate, Alaster Samkange, Pricilla Mbiri, Alec Simukai Bishi & Borden Mushonga

  2. Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Namibia, Private Bag 13301, Pionierspark, Windhoek, Namibia

    Utjiuasane Nguarambuka

  3. P. O. Box 32376, Pionierspark, Windhoek, Namibia

    Alaster Samkange

  4. Department of Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Katima Mulilo Campus, Private Bag 1096, Katima Mulilo, Namibia

    Oscar Madzingira

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Kandiwa, E., Nguarambuka, U., Chitate, F. et al. Production performance of sheep and goat breeds at a farm in a semi-arid region of Namibia. Trop Anim Health Prod 52, 2621–2629 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-020-02283-w

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