Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Prevalence of Leptospira serogroup-specific antibodies in cattle associated with reproductive problems in endemic states of India

  • Regular Articles
  • Published:
Tropical Animal Health and Production Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this study, the seroprevalence and distribution of Leptospira in dairy cattle in endemic states of India were investigated in association with reproductive problems of the cattle. A total of 373 cattle serum samples from 45 farms in Maharashtra, Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Punjab, Haryana, Chhattisgarh, Sikkim and Uttarakhand states were collected from animals with a history of reproductive disorders like abortion, repeat breeding, anoestrus and endometritis, and also from apparently healthy animals. These samples were screened for Leptospira serogroup-specific antibodies by microscopic agglutination test (MAT) using a panel of 18 live reference serovar antigens. The seropositivity of 70.51% (263/373, 95% CI 0.65 to 0.75) was associated with reproductive problems (χ2 = 55.71, p < 0.01) and sampled states (χ2 = 32.99, p < 0.01) and independent of apparently healthy animals (χ2 = 15.6, p > 0.10) and age groups of cattle (χ2 = 0.91, p > 0.10). Further, the odds (risk-relation) of reproductive disorders was 5.29 compared to apparently healthy animals (0.25 odds). The frequency distribution of predominant serogroup-specific Leptospira antibodies were determined against the serovars: Hardjo (27.76%), Pyrogenes (18.63%), Canicola and Javanica (17.49%), Hebdomadis (17.11%), Shermani and Panama (16.73%), Djasiman (16.35%), Tarassovi, Grippotyphosa and Pomona (15.97%), Icterohaemorrhagiae (15.59%), Copenhageni (14.83%), Australis (13.69%), Kaup and Hurstbridge (10.65%), Bankinang (10.27%) and Bataviae (9.51%). In conclusion, dairy cattle have a role in maintaining important several serovars besides well-known Hardjo serovar in endemic states of India and warrant mitigating measures to reduce the incidence of cattle leptospirosis including need for an intensive surveillance programme, preventive vaccination and control strategies.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Balamurugan, V., Gangadhar, N.L., Mohandoss, N., Thirumalesh, S.R.A., Dhar, M., Shome, R., Krishnamoorthy, P., Prabhudas, K. and Rahman, H., 2013. Characterization of Leptospira isolates from animals and humans: phylogenetic analysis identifies the prevalence of intermediate species in India. Springer Plus, 2, 362. doi:https://doi.org/10.1186/2193-1801-2-362

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Balamurugan, V., Alamuri, A., Veena, S., Bharatkumar, K., Patil, S.S. and Govindaraj, G., 2016a. Investigation on the prevalence of leptosira serovars Hardjo in organized cattle dairy farms of India. Indian Journal of Animal Science, 86 (10), 1145–1147

    Google Scholar 

  • Balamurugan, V., Thirumalesh, S.R.A., Sridevi, R., Govindaraj, G., Nagalingam, M., Hemadri, D., Gajendragad, M.R. and Rahman, H., 2016b. Microscopic agglutination test analysis identifies prevalence of intermediate species serovars in ruminants in endemic states of India. The Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India, Section B: Biological Sciences, 86(2), 469–475

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Balamurugan, V., Thirumalesh, S.R.A., Veena, S., Alamuri, A., Nagalingam, M., Sridevi, R., Govindaraj, G., Hemadri, D., Gajendragad, M.R. and Rahman, H., 2016c. Investigation on the distribution of Leptospira serovars and its prevalence in bovine in Konkan region, Maharashtra, India. Advances in Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 4(2s), 19–26

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Balamurugan, V., Veena, S., Thirumalesh, S.R.A., Alamuri, A., Sridevi, R., Sengupta, P.P., Govindaraj, G., Nagalingam, M., Hemadri, D., Gajendragad, M.R. and Rahman, H., 2017. Distribution of serogroup specific antibodies against leptospirosis in livestock in Odisha. Indian Journal of Animal Sciences, 87 (5), 546–551

    Google Scholar 

  • Chadsuthi, S., Bicout, D.J., Wiratsudakul, A., Suwancharoen, D., Petkanchanapong, W., Modchang, C., Triampo, W., Ratanakorn, P. and Chalvet-Monfray, K., 2017. Investigation on predominant Leptospira serovars and its distribution in humans and livestock in Thailand, 2010-2015. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 11(2), e0005228

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Leonard, N., Mee, J.F., Snijders, S. and Mackie, D., 2004. Prevalence of antibodies to Leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo in bulk tank milk from unvaccinated Irish dairy herds. Irish Veterinary Journal, 57, 226–231

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Levett, P.N., 2001. Leptospirosis. Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 14, 296–326

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Natarajaseenivasan, K., Vedhagiri, K., Sivabalan, V., Prabagaran, S.G., Sukumar, S., Artiushin, S.C. and Timoney, J.F., 2011. Seroprevalence of Leptospira borgpetersenii serovar javanica infection among dairy cattle, rats and humans in the cauvery river valley of southern India. Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health, 42(3), 679–686

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Office International des Épizooties (OIE-World Organisation for Animal Health)., 2013. Manual of diagnostic tests and vaccines for terrestrial animals, OIE. Paris. Chapter 2.1.9. Pp. 251–264

  • Patel, J.M., Vihol, P.D., Prasad, M.C., Kalyani, I.H., Raval, J.K., Patel, K.M., Thirumalesh, S.R.A. and Balamurugan, V., 2014. Seroepidemiological pattern of leptospirosis in bovine of South Gujarat, India. Veterinary World, 7 (11), 999–1003

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Quinn, P.J., Carter, M.E., Markey, B. and Carter, G.R., 1994. Clinical veterinary microbiology. Wolfe Publication Ltd. Spain. Pp. 296–303

    Google Scholar 

  • Snedecor, G.W. and Cochran, W.G., 1989. Statistical Methods, Iowa State University Press, 8th Edition. 1989

  • Srivastava, S.K., 2008. Current status of leptospirosis in India in animals and humans. Indian Journal of Veterinary Pathology, 32 (2), 179–186

    Google Scholar 

  • Srivastava, S.K. and Kumar, A.A., 2003. Seroprevalence of leptospirosis in animals and human beings in various regions in the country. Indian Journal of Comparative Microbiology Immunology and Infectious Diseases, 24, 155–159

    Google Scholar 

  • Vijayachari, P., Sugunan, A.P. and Shriram, A.N., 2008. Leptospirosis: an emerging global public health problem. Journal of Biosciences, 33(4), 557–569.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • World Health Organisation., 2011. Report of the Second Meeting of the Leptospirosis Burden Epidemiology Reference Group. ISBN 978 92 4 150152 1. Printed by the WHO Document Production Services, Geneva, Switzerland. Pp. 7–14

Download references

Acknowledgements

Authors wish to thank the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), New Delhi, India, for encouragement and support. Part of this work was funded from ICAR-Network project on Outreach Programme on Zoonotic Diseases (OPZD) (F. No. 14 (1)/2009-ASR.IV). The authors thank the ICAR-NIVEDI staff for the constant support and timely help.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics (ICAR-NIVEDI), Ramagondanahalli, Yelahanka, Post Box No. 6450, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560064, India

    Vinayagamurthy Balamurugan, Anusha Alamuri, K. Bharathkumar, Sharanagouda Siddanagouda Patil, Gurrappa Naidu Govindaraj, Mohandoss Nagalingam, Paramanandham Krishnamoorthy, Habibur Rahman & Bibek Ranjan Shome

Authors
  1. Vinayagamurthy Balamurugan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Anusha Alamuri
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. K. Bharathkumar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Sharanagouda Siddanagouda Patil
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Gurrappa Naidu Govindaraj
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Mohandoss Nagalingam
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Paramanandham Krishnamoorthy
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Habibur Rahman
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. Bibek Ranjan Shome
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Vinayagamurthy Balamurugan.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Balamurugan, V., Alamuri, A., Bharathkumar, K. et al. Prevalence of Leptospira serogroup-specific antibodies in cattle associated with reproductive problems in endemic states of India. Trop Anim Health Prod 50, 1131–1138 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-018-1540-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-018-1540-8

Keywords

Search

Navigation