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Vaccination of adult animals with a reduced dose of Brucella abortus S19 vaccine to control brucellosis on dairy farms in endemic areas of India

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Abstract

Bovine brucellosis is an economically important disease which seriously affects dairy farming by causing colossal losses. It can be controlled by practicing vaccination of animals with Brucella abortus S19 vaccine (S19 vaccine). In the present study, adult bovines were vaccinated on seven dairy farms with a reduced dose of S19 vaccine to control brucellosis. Serological screening of adult animals (N = 1,082) by Rose Bengal test (RBT) and ELISA prior to vaccination revealed the presence and absence of brucellosis on five and two farms, respectively. The positive animals (N = 171) were segregated and those which tested negative (N = 911) were vaccinated by conjunctival route with a booster after 4 months. The conjunctival vaccination induced weak antibody response in animals, which vanished within a period of 9 to 12 weeks. Abortion in 12 animals at various stages of pregnancy and post-vaccination was recorded, but none was attributed to S19 vaccine. However, virulent B. abortus was incriminated in six heifers, and the cause of abortion could not be established in six animals. The six aborted heifers perhaps acquired infection through in utero transmission or from the environment which remained undetected until abortion. These findings suggested that vaccination of adult animals with a reduced dose of S19 vaccine by conjunctival route did not produce adverse effects like abortion in pregnant animals and persistent vaccinal antibody titers, which are the major disadvantages of subcutaneous vaccination of adult animals.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are thankful to Mr. Norang Kaushik, Technician, for assisting in laboratory work.

Conflicts of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College Central Laboratory, College of Veterinary Sciences, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, 125 004, India

    Puran Chand & Juhi Nagra

  2. Institute of Infection and Global Health, School of Veterinary Science, Leahurst Campus, University of Liverpool, Neston, South Wirral CH64 7TE, UK

    Rajesh Chhabra

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  1. Puran Chand
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  2. Rajesh Chhabra
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Correspondence to Puran Chand.

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Chand, P., Chhabra, R. & Nagra, J. Vaccination of adult animals with a reduced dose of Brucella abortus S19 vaccine to control brucellosis on dairy farms in endemic areas of India. Trop Anim Health Prod 47, 29–35 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-014-0678-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-014-0678-2

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