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Effects of steam-treated rice straw feeding on growth, digestibility, and plasma volatile fatty acids of goats under different housing systems

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Abstract

In order to use rice straw as forage in livestock feeding, the effects of steam-treated rice straw (at 15.5 kgf/cm2 for 120 s) feeding on growth performance, plasma volatile fatty acid profile, and nutrient digestibility of goats were determined. Twenty male goats (18.69 ± 0.34 kg) were used in an 84-day trial. The goats were divided into four groups of five goats each to receive steam-treated (STRS) or untreated (UTRS) rice straw diet under closed house (CH) and open house (OH) systems. The results revealed that the goats fed with STRS had significantly higher dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF) digestibility; similarly, the average daily weight gain and feed conversion ratio were higher for STRS groups under both CH and OH systems than those for UTRS. The plasma protein and insulin in STRS and cholesterol in UTRS groups was higher (P < 0.05) at 60 days but found not different (P > 0.05) at 30 days. The plasma amylase, lipase, T3, T4 and glucagon at 30 and 60 days were not different (P > 0.05) among the groups. The plasma acetate, propionate, butyrate, and total volatile fatty acid were higher (P < 0.05) in STRS groups at 30 and 60 days. The housing conditions had no effects (P > 0.05) on these parameters. It could be concluded that steam treatment of rice straw at 15.5 kgf/cm2 for 120 s increased apparent nutrient digestibility, hence increased the growth and feed efficiency of growing goats.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the Jiangsu Provincial Science and Technology Support Program: crop straw feed, efficient use of technology, project number: BE2010356, and partially by Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, under the HEC-approved project entitled “Strengthening and Development of Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam.” The authors are grateful to Prof. Gao Xiang, College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China, for designing the steam explosion machine and providing technical facilities for steam explosion treatment.

Conflict of interest

All the authors have contributed significantly and are in agreement with the contents of the manuscript. It is further declared that we have no financial and personal relationships with other people or organizations that can inappropriately influence our work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China

    Naeem Muhammad, Rajput Nasir, Dong Li, Zhang Lili & Wang Tian

  2. Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, Pakistan

    Naeem Muhammad & Rajput Nasir

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  1. Naeem Muhammad
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  2. Rajput Nasir
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  3. Dong Li
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  5. Wang Tian
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Correspondence to Wang Tian.

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Muhammad, N., Nasir, R., Li, D. et al. Effects of steam-treated rice straw feeding on growth, digestibility, and plasma volatile fatty acids of goats under different housing systems. Trop Anim Health Prod 46, 1475–1482 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-014-0671-9

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