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Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus detection in Thailand during 2005–2010 in relation to clinical problems, pig types, regions, and seasons

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Abstract

The objectives of the present study were to determine the prevalence of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in Thailand between 2005 and 2010. The study was conducted by retrospectively investigating the detection of PRRSV from different pig types including boars, sows, piglets, nursery pigs, and fattening pigs from six regions of Thailand, i.e., the northern, eastern, northeastern, central, western, and southern parts. The data were obtained from cases submitted to the Chulalongkorn University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory for PRRSV detection between 2005 and 2010. Frequency analyses and generalized linear models were used to evaluate the prevalence of PRRSV in relation to various factors. In total, 2,273 tissues (n = 636), semen (n = 210) and serum (n = 1,427) samples were included. PRRSV was detected in 32.6 % (740/2,273) of the pigs. The virus was found in 43.1 %, 15.7 %, and 30.3 % in the tissues, semen, and serum samples, respectively (P < 0.001). The prevalence of PRRSV was highest in 2005 (43.6 %) and lowest in 2009 (23.6 %) (P < 0.001). The prevalence of PRRSV was highest in nursery pigs (43.7 %) and lowest in boars (15.4 %) (P < 0.001). The prevalence of PRRSV in the hot season (34.9 %) was higher than that found in the cool season (28.1 %, P = 0.018) but did not differ significantly compared to rainy season (34.0 %, P = 0.486). The strain of PRRSV isolated in the present study was genotype 2 (54.5 %), genotype 1 (31.0 %), and mixed genotypes (14.5 %). It can be concluded that PRRSV was detected in the tissue samples more frequently than the semen and serum samples. The prevalence of PRRSV was high in the nursery pigs. A high prevalence of PRRSV was found in the hot season, indicating that climatic factors may also contribute to the prevalence of PRRSV in Thailand. Of all the PRRSV detected, 31.0 %, 54.5 %, and 14.5 % belonged to genotype 1, genotype 2, and mixed genotypes, respectively.

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Acknowledgments

Financial support for the present study was provided by The National Research Council of Thailand. E. Olanratmanee is a grantee of the Royal Golden Jubilee (RGJ) Ph.D. Program, the Thailand Research Fund. We would also like to thank Asst. Prof. Simon Wright, Chulalongkorn University for coordinating language editing.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Veterinary Science, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproduction, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, 10330

    Padet Tummaruk, Pannin Surapat, Sutharat Sriariyakun, Oraphan Seemakram & Em-on Olanratmanee

  2. Faculty of Veterinary Science, Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, 10330

    Rachod Tantilertcharoen

  3. Faculty of Veterinary Science, Department of Pathology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, 10330

    Roongroj Thanawongnuwech

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  1. Padet Tummaruk
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Correspondence to Padet Tummaruk.

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Tummaruk, P., Surapat, P., Sriariyakun, S. et al. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus detection in Thailand during 2005–2010 in relation to clinical problems, pig types, regions, and seasons. Trop Anim Health Prod 45, 771–779 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-012-0288-9

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