Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Seroprevalence of and risk factors for Mycoplasma mycoides subspecies capri infection in small ruminants in Northern Jordan

  • Original Research
  • Published:
Tropical Animal Health and Production Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

During the period from January 2002 to December 2003, serum samples were collected from 104 small ruminant flocks consisting of 18 sheep flocks, 27 goat flocks, and 59 mixed flocks containing both sheep and goats in northern Jordan. Only female sheep and goats were sampled. At least five females aged over 2 years per flock per species were sampled and examined for Mycoplasma mycoides subspecies capri using the latex agglutination test. To increase the chances of detecting positive flocks, sick or older ewes were sampled. Specific information was obtained using a questionnaire to identify potential risk factors for M. mycoides subsp. capri seropositivity in small ruminants. The true flock-level seroprevalences of M. mycoides subsp. capri were 34%, 32%, and 38% in small ruminants (sheep and goats), sheep, and goats, respectively. Differences between flock-level seroprevalences in sheep and goats were not significant (p = 0.7). Multivariable logistic regression analysis of 21 production and health management practices showed four to be associated with M. mycoides subsp. capri seropositivity including flocks which were grazed and fed concentrate supplement (OR = 4.6), improper cleaning of milking utensils (OR = 4.7), buying new animals to replace culled ones (OR = 0.3), and treating against helminths when clinical signs of helminth infections appear (OR = 0.4).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Al-Momani, W., Halablab, M.A., Abo-Shehada, M.N., Miles, K., McAuliffe, L. and Nicholas, R.A.J., 2006. Isolation and characterization of small ruminant mycoplasmas in Jordan using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and specific PCR. Small Ruminant Research, 65, 106–112

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Al-Momani, W., Nicholas, R.A.J. and Abo-Shehada, M.N., 2008. Seroprevalence of and risk factors for Mycoplasma agalactiae among small ruminants in northern Jordan. Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 83, 1–10

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Anonymous, 2001. The Annual Report. (Ministry of Agriculture, Jordan) 21–25

  • Assuncao, P., De la Fe, C., Ramirez, A.S., Andrada, M. and Poveda, J.B., 2004. Serological study of contagious agalactia in herds of goats in the Canary Islands. Veterinary Record, 154, 684–687

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cannon, R.M. and Roe, R.T., 1982. Livestock Disease Surveys: A field manual for veterinarians. (Australian Bureau of Animal Health, Canberra), 1–35

  • Di Provvido, A., Scacchia, M., Varasano, V., Churchward., C., De Caro, C., Al-Momani, W., Di Francesco, G., Ayling, R.D., Lelli, R. and Nicholas, R.A.J., 2009. Experimental infection of goats with an unusual strain of Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri isolated in Jordan. Journal of Comparative Pathology, 141, 121–126

  • Gil, M.C., Hermoso de Mendoza, M., Alonso, J.M., Rey, J., Poveda, J.B. and Hermoso de Mendoza, J., 1999. Mastitis caused by Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides large colony in goat flocks in Spanish. Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 46, 741–743

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hosmer, D. and Lemeshow, S., 1989. Applied logistic regression. (Wiley, New York) 307

  • Jordan, D., 1995. Herdacc: a program for calculating herd level (aggregate) sensitivity and specificity. (Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph)

    Google Scholar 

  • Loria, G.R., Sammartino, C., Nicholas, R.A.J. and Ayling, R.D., 2003. In vitro susceptibilities of field isolates of Mycoplasma agalactiae to oxytetracycline, tylosin, enrofloxacin, spiramycin and lincomycin-spectinomycin. Research in Veterinary Science, 75, 3–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • March, J.B., Harrison, J.C. and Borich, S.M., 2002. Humoral immune responses following experimental infection of goats with Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae. Veterinary Microbiology, 84, 29–45

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mdanat, A., Zendulkov, D. and Posp, Z., 2001. Contagious agalactia of sheep and goats. A review. Acta Veterinaria Bruno, 70, 403–412

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mercier, P., Lenfant, D., Poumarat, F. and Perrin, G., 2001. Prevalence of mycoplasmal infection within French milking caprine herds In: Poveda, JP, Fernandez A, Frey J and Johansson KE. eds. Mycoplasmas of ruminants: pathogenicity, diagnostics, epidemiology and molecular genetics vol 5. (European Commission, Brussels), 130–133

  • Nicholas, R.A.J., 1998. Mycoplasmas of small ruminants and their relevance to Macedonia. Macedonian Veterinary Review, 27, 35–40

    Google Scholar 

  • Nicholas, R.A.J. and Loria, G.R., 2008. Contagious agalactia. In: Manual of diagnostic tests and vaccines for terrestrial animals. (World Organisation for Animal Health, Paris), 992–999

  • Nicholas, R.A.J., Ayling R.D. and McAuliffe, L., 2008. Respiratory diseases of small ruminants. In: Mycoplasma diseases of ruminants. (Commonwealth Agricutural Bureaux, Wallingford, UK) 179–190

  • Pettersson, B., Leitner, T., Ronaghi, M., Bolske, G., Uhlen, M. and Johansson, K.E., 1996. Phylogeny of Mycoplasma mycoides cluster as determined by sequence analysis of the 16S rRNA genes from the two rRNA operons. Journal of Bacteriology, 178, 4131–4142

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rogan, W.J. and Gladen, B., 1978. Estimating prevalence from the results of a screening test. American Journal of Epidemiology, 107, 71–76

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rurangirwa, F.R., McGuire, T.C., Kibor, A. and Chema, S., 1987. A latex agglutination test for field diagnosis of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia. Veterinary Record, 121, 191–193

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shahram, M., Nicholas, R.A.J., Wood, A.P. and Kelly, D.P., 2010. Further evidence to justify reassignment of Mycoplasma mycoides subspecies mycoides large colony type to Mycoplasma mycoides subspecies capri. Systematic and Applied Microbiology, 33, 20–24

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, M.C. and Sherman, J.C., 1994. Bacterial diseases. In: Goat Medicine. (Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia, USA), 86

  • Thiaucourt, F. and Bolske, G., 1996. Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia and other pulmonary mycoplasmoses in sheep and goats. Revue Scientifique et Technique-Office International des Epizooties, 15, 1397–1414

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thiaucourt, F., Lorenzon, S., David, A. and Breard, A., 2000. Phylogeny of the Mycoplasma mycoides cluster as shown by sequencing of a putative membrane protein gene. Veterinary Microbiology, 72, 251–268

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Thrusfield, M., 1995. Veterinary Epidemiology. (Blackwell Science, London), 182

    Google Scholar 

  • Trichard, C.J., Jordan, P., Prozesky, L.L., Jacobs, E.P. and Henton, M.M., 1993. The identification of Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides LC as the etiological agent of balanoposthitis and vulvovaginitis in sheep in South Africa. Journal of Veterinary Research, 60, 29–37

    CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

We thank the Karim Rida Said Foundation for their financial support.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Allied Medical Sciences, Al-Balqa’ Applied University, P.O. Box 19117, Al-Salt, Jordan

    Waleed Al-Momani

  2. Department of Basic Medical Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan

    Mahmoud N. Abo-Shehada

  3. Department of Bacterial Diseases, Mycoplasma Group, Veterinary Laboratories Agency-Weybridge, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey, KT15 3 NB, UK

    Robin A. J. Nicholas

Authors
  1. Waleed Al-Momani
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Mahmoud N. Abo-Shehada
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Robin A. J. Nicholas
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Waleed Al-Momani.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Al-Momani, W., Abo-Shehada, M.N. & Nicholas, R.A.J. Seroprevalence of and risk factors for Mycoplasma mycoides subspecies capri infection in small ruminants in Northern Jordan. Trop Anim Health Prod 43, 463–469 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-010-9717-9

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-010-9717-9

Keywords

Search

Navigation