Abstract
A cross-sectional study was conducted in Uganda between November 2006 and February 2007 to assess the seroprevalence and risk of brucellosis in zerograzing and pastoral dairy systems; two major sources of milk in Uganda, 80% of which is sold unpasteurized to consumers through informal channels. A total of 723 cattle comprised of 497 animals from the pastoral system and 226 animals from the zerograzing system were tested for antibodies against natural B. abortus infection using the competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (C-ELISA). Herd-level seroprevalence was 100% in the pastoral system and 5.5% (95% CI: 1.8, 9.2) in the zerograzing system. The animal-level seroprevalence and within-herd range of brucellosis in cattle in the pastoral system were 34.0% (95% CI: 29.9, 38.1) and 8.1–75.9%, while for those in the zerograzing system were 3.3% (95% CI: 0.9, 5.7) and 0–9.0%. Abortion rates of 23% and 0% among seropositive cows vis-à-vis 5.4% and 1.9% among seronegative cows were recorded in the pastoral and zerograzing systems, respectively. The risk of natural B. abortus infection was higher among older cattle (>24 m) (Odds ratio [OR] = 1.83, 95% CI: 1.25–2.67) and dry cows (OR = 2.01, 95% CI: 1.23–3.31) in the pastoral system, and in calves aged 0–6 m (OR = 5.72, 95% CI: 1.04–31.41) in the zerograzing system. Implementing a culling program in the zerograzing system to eliminate the existing low risk of brucellosis and targeting calves in the pastoral systems for vaccination could avert the cost-related limitation of brucellosis control in Uganda.
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Acknowledgement
We thank Geoffrey Odyek, Joseph Muboli and Jackson Mawejje for their technical assistance. We are grateful to district veterinary personnel for their cooperation during sampling. We thank Dr J.T. Odimim for facilitating access to zerograzing units initiated by the Farming in Tsetse Controlled Areas (FITCA) project. This study received financial support from the Agricultural Research and Training Program (ARTP) II of the National Agricultural Research Organisation (NARO). This paper is published with permission of the Director, National Livestock Resources Research Institute (NaLIRRI).
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Magona, J.W., Walubengo, J., Galiwango, T. et al. Seroprevalence and potential risk of bovine brucellosis in zerograzing and pastoral dairy systems in Uganda. Trop Anim Health Prod 41, 1765–1771 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-009-9375-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-009-9375-y