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Effect of Graphene and Ionic Liquid Additives on the Tribological Performance of Epoxy Resin

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Abstract

In the present study, we have determined the effect of graphene (PG), the ionic liquid (IL) and PG modified by mechanical blend with the IL 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluorobotate (IL + PG) on the tribological performance of epoxy resin (ER). IL + PG stable suspensions have been added to an epoxy resin (ER) matrix to obtain the new nanocomposite (ER + IL + PG), and its tribological performance has been compared with that of neat epoxy resin and with the nanocomposites containing PG (ER + PG) or IL (ER + IL). While neat ER presents a high dynamic friction coefficient of up to 0.31 and a severe wear with a specific wear rate of 8.1 × 10−4 mm3 N−1m−1, the new nanocomposites show negligible surface damage, as determined by surface roughness and profilometry. All nanocomposites show low friction coefficients and negligible wear. The maximum friction reduction, up to a 70 %, is obtained for ER + PG. Results are discussed upon the basis of TEM microscopy, SEM microscopy and EDX analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis and dynamic mechanical analysis. Addition of IL or IL + PG has a plasticizing effect on ER, while addition of PG increases the thermal stability and stiffness of ER. PG shifts the storage modulus onset and in the loss modulus and tan δ maximum peaks to higher temperatures, while a shift to lower values is observed with addition of IL or IL + PG.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank the financial support of the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO, Spain) (MAT2011-23162). N. Saurin is grateful to MINECO (Spain) for a FPI research Grant (BES-2012-056621).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Grupo de Ciencia de Materiales e Ingeniería Metalúrgica, Departamento de Ingeniería de Materiales y Fabricación, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Campus de la Muralla del Mar. C/Doctor Fleming, s/n, 30202, Cartagena, Spain

    N. Saurín, J. Sanes & M. D. Bermúdez

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  1. N. Saurín
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  2. J. Sanes
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  3. M. D. Bermúdez
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Correspondence to M. D. Bermúdez.

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Saurín, N., Sanes, J. & Bermúdez, M.D. Effect of Graphene and Ionic Liquid Additives on the Tribological Performance of Epoxy Resin. Tribol Lett 56, 133–142 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11249-014-0392-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11249-014-0392-2

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