Abstract
Due to the high cost of hydroforming equipment, attempts have been made to model this process using bench testing. While tensile and twist compression tests have yielded promising results, they do not simulate any single metal forming process. In this study we investigated the use of expansion zone, guiding zone, and twist-compression tests to simulate hydroforming processes and evaluated various overbased sulfonates and organic friction modifiers performance. The amorphous overbased magnesium sulfonate improved the performance of the hydroforming oil in the expansion zone and provided no harm in the guiding zone, while the crystalline overbased calcium sulfonate provided no harm in the expansion zone and improved performance in the guiding zone. It was found that the friction modifiers tested display an antagonism, where, as the expansion zone performance increased, the guiding zone performance decreased. Additionally, we found in twist-compression testing that the initial coefficient of friction displayed a small correlation with the guiding zone test (from r = 0.26–0.47), while the failure time displayed a small correlation with the expansion zone test (r = 0.36–0.40).
Similar content being viewed by others
References
G. Ngaile S. Jaeger T. Altan (2004) J. Mater. Process. Technol. 146 IssueID1 108 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXnvVSqtQ%3D%3D
G. Ngaile S. Jaeger T. Altan (2004) J. Mater. Process. Technol. 146 IssueID1 116 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXnvVSquw%3D%3D
G. Bartley and B. Evert, Light Met. Age 58(7, 8) (2000) 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36
F.K. Botz and P.B. Kutzko, U.S. Patent Appl. 0181340 A1 (2003)
S.C. Tung M.L. McMillan (2004) Tribol. Int. 37 IssueID7 517 Occurrence Handle10.1016/j.triboint.2004.01.013 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXktFSmtbw%3D
Anon, Adv. Mater. Process. 151(5) (1997) 50
F. Botz, M. Handley, M. Gariety, G. Ngaile, and T. Altan, Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers 58th Annual Meeting, April 28–May 1 (2003)
G. Khodayari and M. Garnett, Tube Pipe J. 13 (2002) 72
M. Koc T. Altan (2001) J. Mater. Process. Technol. 108 384 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXmvFOgs7Y%3D
M. Ahmetoglu and T. Altan, SAE International Congress and Exposition (Detroit, MI 1999) 1999-01-0675
A. Peter, Proceedings of 7th International Conference on Technology of Plasticity (ICTP), Oct. 27–Nov. 1, Yokohama, Japan (2002)
M.J. Morizur O. Teeysset (1989) Lubr. Sci. 4 277
S. Shirahama M. Hirata (1989) Lubr. Sci. 1 365 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK3cXotVKnsw%3D%3D
S. Sugimoto (1995) Japanese Journal of Tribology 40 269
S. Giasson T. Palermo T. Buffeteau B. Debsat J.M. Turlet (1994) Thin Solid Film 252 111 Occurrence Handle10.1016/0040-6090(94)90782-X Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2cXntVCgsro%3D Occurrence HandleA1994PT31000007
P.A. Willermet R.O. Carter P.J. Schmitz M. Everson D.J. Scholl W.H. Weber (1997) Lubr. Sci. 9 IssueID4 325 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXmvFGgtb0%3D
R. Unnikrishnan M.C. Jain A.K. Harinarayan A.K. Mehta (2002) Wear 252 240 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0043-1648(01)00865-1 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XhtFOks70%3D Occurrence Handle000174007200008
J.M. Martin C. Grossiord K. Varlot B. Vacher T. Le Mogne Y. Yamada (2003) Lubr. Sci. 15–2 119
G. Dalton, Automotive Tube Conference, April 26 and 27 (1999)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Costello, M., Riff, I. Study of Hydroforming Lubricants with Overbased Sulfonates and Friction Modifiers. Tribol Lett 20, 201–208 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11249-005-8327-6
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11249-005-8327-6