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Spatially resolved nanoscale chemical and mechanical characterization of ZDDP antiwear films on aluminum–silicon alloys under cylinder/bore wear conditions

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Understanding the lubrication of aluminum–silicon (Al–Si) alloys (>18 Si) under conditions similar to those in the cylinder/bore system is vital to determining their applicability to current engine designs. A novel investigation of the location of zinc-dialkyl-dithiophosphate (ZDDPs) antiwear (AW) film formation on an Al–Si alloy has been performed using X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) analysis, X-ray photoelectron emission spectroscopy (X-PEEM), and imaging nanoindentation techniques. A study of the initial stages of wear (10 min) to prolonged rubbing (60 min) was performed. The findings show that the film forms primarily on the raised silicon grains and is consistent with a zinc polyphosphate glass. The film has an elastic modulus of ~70 GPa and a similar elastic response to a ZDDP AW film formed on steel under the same conditions. This provides the first direct observation and characterization of a ZDDP antiwear film on Al–Si alloys using spatially resolved chemical and mechanical techniques at the nanoscale.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 2B7, Canada

    M. A. Nicholls, P. R. Norton, G. M. Bancroft & M. Kasrai

  2. Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706-1390, USA

    G. De. Stasio

  3. Synchrotron Radiation Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Stoughton, WI, 53589, USA

    L. M. Wiese

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  1. M. A. Nicholls
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  6. L. M. Wiese
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Correspondence to P. R. Norton.

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Nicholls, M.A., Norton, P.R., Bancroft, G.M. et al. Spatially resolved nanoscale chemical and mechanical characterization of ZDDP antiwear films on aluminum–silicon alloys under cylinder/bore wear conditions. Tribol Lett 18, 261–278 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11249-004-2752-9

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