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Light-Induced Processes in Plasmonic Gold/TiO2 Photocatalysts Studied by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance

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Abstract

X-band and W-band continuous-wave (CW) electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) was used to study in situ light-induced (LI) mechanisms in commercial P90 titania (90 % anatase/10 % rutile) compared to plasmon-enhanced Au-P90 photocatalyst. These materials were excited using UV and 532 nm visible light to generate different excitation states and distinguish pure charge separation from plasmon-assisted resonance processes. Up to nine different photoinduced species of trapped electrons and holes were identified. LI CW EPR of P90 is presented for the first time, showing a UV excitation response similar to the well-known mixed-phase P25 titania. It is shown that incorporation of Au nanoparticles in Au-P90 and formation of a Schottky junction affects the charge separation state of the catalyst under UV light. Moreover, Au impregnation activated P90 through plasmon ‘hot’ electron injection under visible light excitation (“plasmonic sensitization effect”). In general, EPR proved to be crucial to determine the different photoexciation paths and reactions that regulate plasmonic photocatalysis.

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Acknowledgments

IC and SVD acknowledge the Research Foundation—Flanders (FWO) for financial support (Grant G.0687.13). SV thanks FWO for financial support through a postdoctoral fellowship and MK acknowledges the agency for Innovation by Science and Technology in Flanders (IWT) for financial support (Ph.D. Grant).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. BIMEF, Department of Physics, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium

    Ignacio Caretti & Sabine Van Doorslaer

  2. Sustainable Energy and Air Purification, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020, Antwerp, Belgium

    Maarten Keulemans, Sammy W. Verbruggen & Silvia Lenaerts

  3. Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Center for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 23, 3001, Heverlee (Leuven), Belgium

    Maarten Keulemans & Sammy W. Verbruggen

Authors
  1. Ignacio Caretti
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  2. Maarten Keulemans
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  3. Sammy W. Verbruggen
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  4. Silvia Lenaerts
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  5. Sabine Van Doorslaer
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sabine Van Doorslaer.

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Caretti, I., Keulemans, M., Verbruggen, S.W. et al. Light-Induced Processes in Plasmonic Gold/TiO2 Photocatalysts Studied by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance. Top Catal 58, 776–782 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11244-015-0419-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11244-015-0419-4

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