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Building Bridges in Catalysis Science. Monodispersed Metallic Nanoparticles for Homogeneous Catalysis and Atomic Scale Characterization of Catalysts Under Reaction Conditions

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Abstract

The reactivity of small (<1.5 nm), highly oxidized metallic nanoparticles and the utilization of Sum Frequency Generation spectroscopy (SFG) and Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM) for investigations of catalysts under reaction conditions are discussed in this review paper. Batch and flow reactor studies were carried out using highly oxidized 40 atom clusters (Pt, Pd and Rh) to measure reaction rate and product distribution of electrophilic reactions, using toluene as a solvent. These heterogeneous catalysts show reactivity which is similar and sometimes even higher than the homogeneous catalysts. The combination of an in situ SFG and STM measurements facilitate a detection of the surface structure and reaction intermediates under reaction conditions. While the STM detects the surface reconstruction and the mobility of products and reactants molecules, the SFG can correlate the reactivity and more importantly the selectivity, to the active surface intermediates. The recent developments in these two research areas are detailed in this review paper.

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Acknowledgement

This work was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Chemical and Materials Sciences Divisions, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA

    Elad Gross, James M. Krier, Lars Heinke & Gabor A. Somorjai

  2. Chemical and Materials Sciences Divisions, Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, 94720, USA

    Elad Gross, James M. Krier, Lars Heinke & Gabor A. Somorjai

Authors
  1. Elad Gross
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  2. James M. Krier
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  3. Lars Heinke
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  4. Gabor A. Somorjai
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Correspondence to Gabor A. Somorjai.

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Gross, E., Krier, J.M., Heinke, L. et al. Building Bridges in Catalysis Science. Monodispersed Metallic Nanoparticles for Homogeneous Catalysis and Atomic Scale Characterization of Catalysts Under Reaction Conditions. Top Catal 55, 13–23 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11244-012-9780-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11244-012-9780-8

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