Abstract
Temperature and copper stress are two common abiotic stresses in viticulture. To better understand biosynthesis of melatonin and phenolics in response to these two abiotic stresses, cell suspension cultures of Vitis vinifera were treated with high temperature (HT, 38 °C), low temperature (LT, 16 °C) and 100 μM CuSO4 to investigate whether genes associated with the biosynthesis of melatonin (TDC, SNAT and ASMT) and phenolics (PAL, C4H, CHS, CHI and STS) were involved in response to these two abiotic stresses, as well as the effects of these two stresses on total phenolics, total flavonoids contents and oxidative stress. The expression patterns indicated that TDC, SNAT, ASMT, PAL and C4H were significantly upregulated in response to HT, while CHS and CHI first increased and then decreased, and STS was significantly downregulated. SNAT was significantly upregulated in response to LT, while TDC, ASMT, C4H and CHS first increased and then decreased, and PAL, CHI and STS were significantly downregulated. Copper treatment significantly induced the expression of TDC, SNAT and ASMT, and ASMT was the most significantly induced. C4H, CHI and STS were significantly upregulated in response to copper treatment, while PAL first increased and then decreased. Both HT and LT treatment significantly enhanced the contents of total phenolics and total flavonoids. The malondialdehyde (MDA) content of the cells treated with HT significantly increased. The treatment with CuSO4 significantly enhanced the contents of MDA and H2O2 in the cells. The results suggest that melatonin and phenolics biosynthesis-related genes were involved in HT, LT and copper stress response. The same gene showed different response patterns to the different stresses. HT and copper stress may cause oxidative stress.
Key Message
Whether the biosynthesis of melatonin and phenolics in grapes was also involved in response to temperature and copper stress will provide inspiration for the practice of stress-resistant viticulture
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Abbreviations
- ASMT:
-
N-acetyl-5-hydroxytryptamine-methyl transferase
- C4H:
-
Cinnamate 4-hydroxylase
- CHI:
-
Chitinase
- CHS:
-
Chalcone synthase
- DW:
-
Dry weight
- FW:
-
Fresh weight
- HT:
-
High temperature
- LT:
-
Low temperature
- MDA:
-
Malondialdehyde
- PAL:
-
Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase
- qPCR:
-
Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction
- ROS:
-
Reactive oxygen species
- SNAT:
-
Serotonin N-acetyltransferase
- STS:
-
Stilbene synthase
- TDC:
-
Tryptophan decarboxylase
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This study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31572078 & 31471835).
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Lihua Wang proposed the ideas and designed the experiments. Lihua Wang and Mengjiao An performed the experiments. Lihua Wang performed the data analysis and wrote the paper. Weidong Huang and Jicheng Zhan secured the funds to support this research. Jicheng Zhan revised the manuscript.
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Wang, L., An, M., Huang, W. et al. Melatonin and phenolics biosynthesis-related genes in Vitis vinifera cell suspension cultures are regulated by temperature and copper stress. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 138, 475–488 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-019-01643-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-019-01643-1