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Bud emergence and shoot growth from mature citrus nodal stem segments

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Abstract

Bud emergence and shoot growth from adult phase citrus nodal cultures were studied using Citrus mitis (calamondin), Citrus paradisi (grapefruit), and Citrus sinensis (sweet orange). The effects of 6-benzyladenine (BA), indole 3-acetic acid (IAA), and citrus type on shoot quality and growth of mature bud explants from greenhouse grown trees were determined using a 2-component mixture-amount × citrus type experiment. BA increased shoot number and IAA improved shoot growth. The best shoot quality (fewer shoots but large shoots) was obtained with 1 μM IAA for calamondin, 15.5 μM IAA for sweet orange, and 30 μM IAA for grapefruit. Grapefruit exhibited substantial leaf abscission compared to calamondin and sweet orange. Four factors (AgNO3, silver thiosulphate (STS), CaNO3, or gelling) were screened individually for their efficacy in reducing leaf abscission. Five factors (AgNO3, gelling, MS ion concentration, plant growth regulator and venting) were investigated to identify potential combinations for reducing leaf abscission and maximizing shoot growth and bud emergence. The factor combination identified as most effective in minimizing leaf drop, promoting shoot growth, and maximizing bud emergence for grapefruit was 2 mg l−1 AgNO3, Gelrite, 1 × MS ion concentration, 30 μM IAA, and vented.

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Abbreviations

IAA:

Indole 3-acetic acid

BA:

6-benzyladenine

MS:

Murashige and Skoog

STS:

Silver thiosulphate

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Acknowledgments

We thank Marjory Faulkner, Carrie Kahr, and Dave Lindsey for horticultural maintenance and care of greenhouse citrus trees. We thank Eldridge Wynn and Jessica Dennis for providing plant tissue culture technical assistance, advice, and laboratory maintenance. This research was supported by a grant from the Florida Citrus Advanced Technology Program of the Florida Citrus Production Research Advisory Council (NAS 144).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Horticulture and Breeding Unit US Horticultural Research Laboratory, USDA, ARS, 2001 South Rock Road, Ft. Pierce, FL, 34945, USA

    Mizuri Marutani-Hert, Terence J. Evens, Gregory T. McCollum & Randall P. Niedz

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  1. Mizuri Marutani-Hert
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  2. Terence J. Evens
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  3. Gregory T. McCollum
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  4. Randall P. Niedz
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Correspondence to Randall P. Niedz.

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The use or mention of a trademark or proprietary product does not constitute an endorsement, guarantee, or warranty of the product by the US Department of Agriculture and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other suitable products.

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Marutani-Hert, M., Evens, T.J., McCollum, G.T. et al. Bud emergence and shoot growth from mature citrus nodal stem segments. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 106, 81–91 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-010-9896-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-010-9896-0

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