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The value of plasma D-dimer level on admission in predicting no-reflow after primary percutaneous coronary intervention and long-term prognosis in patients with acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction

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Abstract

D-dimer is a final product of fibrin degradation and gives an indirect estimation of the thrombotic burden. We aimed to investigate the value of plasma D-dimer levels on admission in predicting no-reflow after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (p-PCI) and long-term prognosis in patients with ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). We retrospectively involved 569 patients treated with p-PCI for acute STEMIs. We prospectively followed up the patients for a median duration of 38 months. Angiographic no-reflow was defined as postprocedural thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) flow grade <3 or TIMI 3 with a myocardial blush grade <2. Electrocardiographic no-reflow was defined as ST-segment resolution <70 %. The primary clinical end points were mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). The incidences of angiographic and electrocardiographic no-reflow were 31 and 39 % respectively. At multivariable analysis, D-dimer was found to be an independent predictor of both angiographic (p < 0.001), and electrocardiographic (p < 0.001) no-reflow. Both mortality (from Q1 to Q4, 5.7, 6.4, 11.3 and 34.1 %, respectively, p < 0.001) and MACE (from Q1 to Q4, 17.9, 29.3, 36.9 and 52.2 %, respectively, p < 0.001) rates at long-term follow-up were highest in patients with admission D-dimer levels in the highest quartile (Q4), compared to the rates in other quartiles. However, Cox proportional hazard model revealed that high D-dimer on admission (Q4) was not an independent predictor of mortality or MACE. In contrast, electrocardiographic no-reflow was independently predictive of both mortality [Hazard ratio (HR) 2.88, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.04–8.58, p = 0.041] and MACE [HR 1.90, 95 % CI 1.32–4.71, p = 0.042]. In conclusion, plasma D-dimer level on admission independently predicts no-reflow after p-PCI. However, D-dimer has no independent prognostic value in patients with STEMI.

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The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cardiology, Kocaeli Derince Education and Research Hospital, İbni Sina Bulvarı, Derince, Kocaeli, Turkey

    Ayhan Erkol & Burak Turan

  2. Department of Cardiology, Medical Faculty, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Turkey

    Vecih Oduncu

  3. Department of Cardiology, Kosuyolu Heart Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey

    Alev Kılıçgedik, Dicle Sırma, Can Yücel Karabay, Ahmet Guler, Selçuk Pala & Cevat Kırma

  4. Department of Cardiology, Malatya State Hospital, Malatya, Turkey

    Gökhan Gözübüyük

  5. Department of Cardiology, Atasam Hospital, Samsun, Turkey

    Cihan Dündar

  6. Department of Cardiology, Marmara University, Pendik Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey

    Kürşat Tigen

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  1. Ayhan Erkol
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Correspondence to Ayhan Erkol.

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Erkol, A., Oduncu, V., Turan, B. et al. The value of plasma D-dimer level on admission in predicting no-reflow after primary percutaneous coronary intervention and long-term prognosis in patients with acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction. J Thromb Thrombolysis 38, 339–347 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11239-013-1044-3

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