Abstract
Antithrombin is a plasma protein critical to the regulation of coagulation. It plays a pivotal anticoagulant role by preventing the activation of procoagulant proteinases. Inherited and (or) acquired deficiency of AT is an established risk factor for venous thromboembolism. Sequencing analysis of SERPINC1 gene of three families revealed that Family I had double novel missense mutations (c.134G > A&c.342T > G), Family II had a nonsense mutation (c.770G > A) while Family III had a frameshift mutation (c.800-803del). In addition, all of them had a large number of carriers in their families what was very rare in China.
References
Steven T, Olson, Benjamin Richard et al. (2010) Molecular mechanisms of antithrombin-heparin regulation of blood clotting proteinases A paradigm for understanding proteinase regulation by serpin family protein proteinase inhibitors. Biochimie 92:1587–1596
Huntington JA (2006) Shape-shifting serpins-advantages of a mobile mechanism. Trends Bilchem Sci 31:427–435
Maclean PS, Tait RC et al (2007) Hereditary and acquired antithrombin deficiency. Epidemiology pathogenesis and treatment options. Drugs 67:1429–1440
Quinsey NS, Greedy AL, Bottomley SP (2004) Molecules in focus antithrombin: in control of coagulation. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 36:386–389
Yamada H, Hoshi N, Kato EH et al (2000) Novel mutation (E113X) of antithrombin III gene (AT3) in a woman with gestational recurrent thrombosis. Am J Med Genet 91:348
Yi Gu, Qi Hua Fu (2011) Advances in antithrombin. Chin J Thromb Hemost 17:1
Janssen HL, Meinardi JR, Vleggaar FP, van Uum SH, Haagsma EB et al (2000) Factor V Ledin mutation, prothrombin gene mutation, and deficiencies in coagulation inhibitors associated with Budd-Chiari syndrome and portal vein thrombosis: results of a case-control study. Blood 96:2364–2368
Kim H-J, Kim D-K et al (2008) Severe protein C deficiency from compound heterozygous mutations in the PROC gene in two Korean adult patients. Thromb Res 123:412–417
Lee BB, Viuavicencio L, Viuavicencio L, Kim Yw, Do YS, Koh KC, Lim HK et al (2006) Primary Bubb-Chiari syndrome: outcome of endovascular management for suprahepatic venous obstruction. J Vas Surg 43:101–108
Okuda H, Yamagata H, Obata H, Lwata H, Sasaki R, lmai F et al (1995) Epidemiological and clinical features of Budd-Chiari syndrome in Japan. J Hepatol 22:1–9
Bhattacharyya M, Makharia G, Kaman M, Ahmed RP, Gupa PK, Saxena R (2004) Inherited prothrombotic defects in Budd-Chiari syndrome and portal vein thrombosis: a study from north India. Am J Clin Pathol 121:844–847
Zhang F, Zhuang J-H et al. (2010) Blood coagulation determination of the patients with membrane of inferior vena cava of Budd Chiarri syndrome. Chin J Curr Adv Gen Surg 13:4
Okuda K, Kage M, Shrestha SM et al (1998) Proposal of a new nomenclature for Budd-Chiaria syndrome: hepatic vein thrombosis versus thrombosis of the inferior vena cava at its hepatic portion. Hepatology 28(4):1191–1197
Zhang D-L, Yang N, et al. (2008) A study of coagulation and anticoagulation changes in liver cirrhosis patients with and without portal vein thrombosis. Chin J Pract Internal Med 28(6):459–461
Richard B, Swanson R, Schedin-Weiss S et al (2008) Characterization of the conformational alterations, reduced anticoagulant activity, and enhanced antiangiogenic activity of prelatent antithrombin. J Biologic Chem 283(21):14417–14429
Zhang W, Chuang YI, Swanson R et al (2004) Antiangiogenic antithrombin down regulates the expression of the proangiogenic heparan sulfate proteoglycan, perlecan in endothelial cell. Blood 103:1185–1191
Zhang W, Swanson R, Xiong Y et al (2006) Antiangiogentic antithrombin blocks the heparan sulfate-dependent binding of proangiogentic growth factors to their endothelial cell receptors. J Biol Chem 1281:37302–37310
Zhang WQ, Chuang YJ, Jin TQ et al (2006) Antiangiogentic antithrombin induces global changes in the gene expression profile of endothelial cell. Cancer Res 66:5047–5055
Sophia SW, Richard B, Hjelm R et al (2008) Antiangiogentic forms of antithrombin specifically bind to the anticoagulant heparin sequence. Biochemistry 47(51):13610–13619
Acknowledgments
We are grateful to the patients and their families’ members for their participation in this study. This work was supported by Key Discipline Project of Renji Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine (RJ4101309).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Deng, H., Shen, W., Gu, Y. et al. Three case reports of inherited antithrombin deficiency in China: double novel missense mutations, a nonsense mutation and a frameshift mutation. J Thromb Thrombolysis 34, 244–250 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11239-012-0733-7
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11239-012-0733-7