Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Protocol design and resource allocation for power optimization using spectrum sharing for 5G networks

  • Published:
Telecommunication Systems Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this paper, we propose a spectrum sharing protocol wherein the sharing is performed in a situation without introducing a secondary transmitter in assisting the primary system. Specifically, in the primary system, the primary receiver after achieving its target rate helps a secondary receiver to achieve its target using the remaining power left with it. We study the optimization of power with increased QoS and Experience for both the primary systems and the secondary receivers while the former has a higher priority. Additionally Hidden Markov Model has been used for resource allocation in the proposed model to achieve high spectrum efficiency and energy efficiency. The main emphasis of the model is in an urban deployment scenario as we are heading towards ultra-dense network for next generation networks. Extensive simulations have been carried out and the results demonstrate the performance of the proposed spectrum sharing protocol in comparison to some other power allocation techniques and opportunistic spectrum sharing model. The proposed model achieves high power optimization, increased throughput and access rate along with better QoE. The results confirm the efficiency of the proposed protocol for both the primary and the secondary system.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16
Fig. 17
Fig. 18
Fig. 19
Fig. 20

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Yang, C., et al. (2016). Advanced spectrum sharing in 5G cognitive heterogeneous networks. IEEE Wireless Communications, 23, 94–101.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Peha, J. M. (2009). Sharing spectrum through spectrum policy reform and cognitive radio. Proceedings of the IEEE, 97, 708–719.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Tannious, R. A., & Nosratinia, A. (2010). Cognitive radio protocols based on exploiting hybrid ARQ retransmissions. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 9(9), 2833–2841.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Pandharipande, A., & Ho, C. K. (2008). Stochastic spectrum pool reassignment for cognitive relay systems. In Proceedings of 2008 IEEE WCNC (pp. 588–592).

  5. Kang, X., Liang, Y.-C., Nallanathan, A., Garg, H. K., & Zhang, R. (2009). Optimal power allocation for fading channels in cognitive radio networks: Ergodic capacity and outage capacity. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 8, 940–950.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Kang, X., Garg, H. K., Liang, Y.-C., & Zhang, R. (2010). Optimal power allocation for OFDM-based cognitive radio with new primary transmission protection criteria. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 9, 2066–2075.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Zhang, X. J., Gong, Y., & Letaief, K. B. (2010). On the diversity gain in cooperative relaying channels with imperfect CSIT. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 58(4), 1273–1279.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Gong, C., Yue, G., & Wang, X. (2011). A transmission protocol for a cognitive bidirectional shared relay system. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing, 5(1), 160–170.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Li, Q., Ting, S. H., Pandharipande, A., & Han, Y. (2011). Cognitive spectrum sharing with two-way relaying systems. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 60(3), 1233–1240.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Han, Y., Pandharipande, A., & Ting, S. H. (2008). Cooperative spectrum sharing via controlled amplify-and-forward relaying. In Proceedings of 2008 IEEE PIMRC, September 2008 (pp. 1–5).

  11. Han, Y., Pandharipande, A., & Ting, S. H. (2009). Cooperative decode-and forward relaying for secondary spectrum access. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 8(10), 4945–4950.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Energy Aware Radio and Network Technologies (EARTH). Retrieved August 15, 2014 from http://www.ict-earth.eu.

  13. Han, C., et al. (2011). Green radio: Radio techniques to enable energy-efficient wireless networks. IEEE Communication Magazine, 49(6), 46–54.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. IEEE Standard for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks Part 16: Air Interface for Broadband Wireless Access Systems Amendment 1: Multi-hop Relay Specification, IEEE Standard 802.16j. (2009).

  15. GPP TR 36.814 v.9.0.0. Technical specification group radio access network; Evolved universal terrestrial radio access (E-UTRA); Further advancements for E-UTRA physical layer aspects, March 2010.

  16. Abrol, A., & Jha, R. K. (2016). Power optimization in 5G networks: A step towards GrEEn communication. IEEE Access, 4, 1355–1374.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Gong, X., et al. (2013). Power allocation and performance analysis in spectrum sharing systems with statistical CSI. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 12(4), 1819–1831.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Guo, C., et al. (2016). On convexity of fairness-aware energy-efficient power allocation in spectrum-sharing networks. IEEE Communications Letters, 20(3), 534–537.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Guo, C., et al. (2016). α-Fair power allocation in spectrum-sharing networks. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 65(5), 3771–3777.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Retrieved June, 2013 from http://nptel.iitm.ac.in.

  21. Noh, G., et al. (2013). Exact capacity analysis of spectrum sharing systems: Average received-power constraint. IEEE Communications Letters, 17(5), 884–887.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Andrews, J., Buzzi, S., Choi, W., Hangly, S., Lozano, A., Soong, A., et al. (2014). What will 5G be. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 32, 1065–1082.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Demestichas, P., Georgakopoulos, A., Karvounas, D., Tsagkaris, K., Stavroulaki, V., Lu, J., et al. (2013). 5G on the horizon: Key challenges for the radio-access network. IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine, 8, 47–53.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Wang, J., Zhu, D., Zhao, C., Li, J. C. F., & Lei, M. (2013). Resource sharing of underlaying device-to-device and uplink cellular communications. IEEE Communications Letters, 17(6), 1148–1151.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Feng, D., Lu, L., Yi, Y. W., Li, G. Y., Geng, G., & Li, S. (2013). Device-to-device communications underlaying cellular networks. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 61(8), 3541–3551.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Pan, M., et al. (2012). Spectrum harvesting and sharing in multi-hop CRNs under uncertain spectrum supply. IEEE JSAC, 30(2), 369–378.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Ghasemi, A., & Sousa, E. S. (2007). Fundamental limits of spectrum-sharing in fading environments. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 6(2), 649–658.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Wang, P., Zhao, M., Xiao, L., Zhou, S., & Wang, J. (2007). Power allocation in OFDM-based cognitive radio systems. In Proceedings of 2007 IEEE GLOBECOM (pp. 4061–4065).

  29. Weidang, L., & Wang, J. (2014). Opportunistic spectrum sharing based on full-duplex cooperative OFDM relaying. IEEE Communications Letters, 18(2), 241–244.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Qihui, W., et al. (2016). A cloud-based architecture for the internet of spectrum devices over future wireless networks. IEEE Access, 4, 2854–2862.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Southwell, R., Huang, J., & Liu, X. (2012). Spectrum mobility games. In Proceedings of IEEE conference on computer communication (pp. 37–45).

  32. Christian, I., et al. (2012). Spectrum mobility in cognitive radio networks. IEEE Communications Magazine, 50(6), 114–121.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Chen, Y.-S., & Hong, J.-S. (2013). A relay-assisted protocol for spectrum mobility and handover in cognitive LTE networks. IEEE Systems Journal, 7(1), 77–91.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Huang, X., et al. (2011). Coolest path: Spectrum mobility aware routing metrics in cognitive ad hoc networks. In Proceedings of int’l conference on distributed computing systems (pp. 182–191).

  35. Gao, L., et al. (2011). Spectrum trading in cognitive radio networks: A contract-theoretic modeling approach. IEEE JSAC, 29(4), 843–855.

    Google Scholar 

  36. Simeone, O., et al. (2012). Spectrum leasing to cooperating secondary ad hoc networks. IEEE JSAC, 26(1), 203–213.

    Google Scholar 

  37. Lu, W. D., et al. (2012). Cooperative OFDM relaying for opportunistic spectrum sharing: Protocol design and resource allocation. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 11, 2126–2135.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Further Advancements for E-ULTRA Physical Layer Aspects (Release 12), document 3GPP TS 36.942, September 2014.

  39. Gupta, A., & Jha, R. K. (2016). Power optimization using massive MIMO and small cells approach in different deployment scenarios. Wireless Networks, 23, 1–15.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Series, M. (2009). Guidelines for evaluation of radio interface technologies for IMT-advanced. Technical report, ITU.

  41. Dong, W., Zhang, J., Gao, X., Zhang, P., & Wu, Y. (2007).Cluster identification and properties of outdoor wideband MIMO channel. In IEEE 66th on vehicular technology conference. VTC-2007 Fall, 30 September 2007–3 October 2007 (pp. 829–833).

  42. Lu, Y., Zhang, J., Gao, X., Zhang, P., & Wu, Y. (2007). Outdoor-indoor propagation characteristics of peer-to-peer system at 5.25 GHz. In IEEE 66th on vehicular technology conference. VTC-2007 Fall, 30 September 2007–3 October 2007 (pp. 869–873).

  43. Xu, D., Zhang, J., Gao, X., Zhang, P., & Wu, Y. (2007). Indoor office propagation measurements and path loss models at 5.25 GHz. In IEEE 66th on vehicular technology conference. VTC-2007 Fall, 30 September 2007–3 October 2007, pp. 844–848.

  44. Zhang, J., Gao, X., Zhang, P., & Yin, X. (2007). Propagation characteristics of wideband MIMO channel in hotspot areas at 5.25 GHZ. In IEEE 18th international symposium on personal, indoor and mobile radio communications. PIMRC 2007, 3–7 September 2007, (pp. 1–5).

  45. Zhang, J., Dong, D., Liang, Y., Nie, X., Gao, X., & Zhang, Y., et al. (2008). Propagation characteristics of wideband MIMO channel in urban micro- and macrocells. In IEEE 19th international symposium on personal, indoor and mobile radio communications. PIMRC 2008, 15–18 September 2008 (pp. 1–6).

  46. Cover, T. M., & Thomas, J. A. (1991). Elements of information theory. New York: Wiley.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  47. “NGMN 5G”, NGMN Alliance, White Paper, February 2015.

  48. Kour, H., et al. (2017). A comprehensive survey on spectrum sharing: Architecture, energy efficiency and security issues. Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 103, 29–57.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  49. Chandra, K., et al. (2018). Unveiling capacity gains in ultradense networks. IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine, 13, 75–83.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge the support provided by 5G and IoT Lab, DoECE, and TBIC, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, Jammu.

Funding

Funding was provided by SMVDU.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, J&K, India

    Haneet Kour & Rakesh Kumar Jha

  2. Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, India

    Sanjeev Jain

  3. Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Patna, Patna, 801106, India

    Preetam Kumar

Authors
  1. Haneet Kour
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Rakesh Kumar Jha
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Sanjeev Jain
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Preetam Kumar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Rakesh Kumar Jha.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Appendix

Appendix

1.1 Table 9: list of symbols used

List of symbols and abbreviations used in the paper has been given in Table 9 in the paper.

Table 9 List of symbols used
Full size table

1.2 Result analysis

With the consideration of parameters in Table 6 we have seen the performance analysis of our model considering the 5G parameters, for the computation of access rate. We found that the trends remain the same as in 4G analysis and we have concluded that our proposed work is also valid for 5G performance analysis. The maximum access rate achieved in this case is for the proposed model (4.5 Gbps).If we apply these parameters to obtain the other results such as throughput, power allocation, mean opinion score similar trend will appear for all.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Kour, H., Jha, R.K., Jain, S. et al. Protocol design and resource allocation for power optimization using spectrum sharing for 5G networks. Telecommun Syst 72, 95–113 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11235-019-00550-2

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11235-019-00550-2

Keywords

Search

Navigation