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Paragonimus skrjabini Chen, 1959 (Digenea: Paragonimidae) and related species in eastern Asia: a combined molecular and morphological approach to identification and taxonomy

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Abstract

A molecular and morphometric investigation is reported on the species complex of mammalian lung.ukes of which Paragonimus skrjabini Chen, 1959 and P.miyazakii Kamo, Nishida, Hatsushika & Tomimura, 1961 are the best-known examples. This species complex (here called the P.skrjabini complex) is shown to be monophyletic using DNA sequences from the nuclear ITS2 region and the mitochondrial cox1gene. The latter marker permits the discrimination of populations, some previously named as distinct species, from various geographical locations in China and Japan. Morphometric analysis of a number of variables accords remarkably closely with the molecular results. Main findings are that (1) nominal P.skrjabini from Fujian Province in eastern China is phylogenetically very close to P.miyazakii from Japan. It is proposed that both taxa should be referred to the same subspecies as P.skrjabini miyazakii. (2) Populations from Guangdong Province, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Sichuan and Hubei should be referred to P.skrjabini skrjabini. Specimens of P.skrjabini from the Yangtze basin in Sichuan and Hubei are remarkably similar to one another according to genetic and morphometric data, but are not so different from Guangdong populations that they should be referred to a different subspecies at this stage. Specimens of P.skrjabini from Yunnan have not been assigned to a subspecies at this stage. (3) Partly following earlier studies, we regard the following as synonyms of P.skrjabini: P.miyazakii (reduced to subspecific status); P.szechuanensis Chung & Tsao, 1962 (probably belongs to P.s.skrjabini); and P.hueitungensis Chung, Hsu, Ho, Kao, Shao, Chiu, Pi, Liu, Ouyang, Shen, Yi & Yao, 1975 (probably belongs to P.s.skrjabini ); P.veocularis (Chen & Li, 1979) (specimens from Fujian regarded as belonging to this species should be referred to P.skrjabini miyazakii: the subspecific status of specimens from the type-locality in northern Sichuan is unclear). A number of questions remain unresolved. The name P. hokuoensis Ho & Chung, 1964 was proposed for two individual metacercariae of distinctive appearance from southern Yunnan. DNA sequences from very similar metacercariae from the same locality place this nominal species within, or sister to, the P. skrjabini complex. As yet, nothing is known regarding adult morphology or biology of this taxon and we retain it here as a distinct species. P. heterorchis (Zhou, Pang & Hsiang, 1982) might be a synonym of P. skrjabini: the form of the metacercaria provides evidence against this view and further work is required. P. macrorchis Chen, 1962 has probably been confused with P. skrjabiniin China. Within China, the former probably occurs only on Hainan Island, although P. fukienensis Tang & Tang, 1962 from Fujian Province could be a synonym.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Tropical Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, 4811, Australia

    David Blair & David Corlis

  2. National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 207 Rui Jin Rd II, Shanghai, 200025, P.R., China

    Chang Zhengshan, Chen Minggang, Cui Aili & Wu Bo

  3. Department of Environmental Health Science, Kochi Medical School, Nankoku City, Kochi, 783-8505, Japan

    Takeshi Agatsuma & Moritoshi Iwagami

  4. Department of Parasitology, Zhong Shan Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R., China

    Fu Chengbin & Zhan Ximei

  5. National Measles Laboratory, Chinese Centers for Disease Control, 505#room, 27#Nan Wei Road, Xuan Wu District, Beijing, 100050, P.R., China

    Cui Aili

  6. ROOS Lab/Goddard Building, Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6018, USA

    Wu Bo

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  1. David Blair
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Blair, D., Zhengshan, C., Minggang, C. et al. Paragonimus skrjabini Chen, 1959 (Digenea: Paragonimidae) and related species in eastern Asia: a combined molecular and morphological approach to identification and taxonomy. Syst Parasitol 60, 1–21 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11230-004-1378-5

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