Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

A Soft Systems Methodology (SSM) Based Framework for Evaluating Managed Learning Environments

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Systemic Practice and Action Research Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Managed Learning Environments (MLEs) in higher education institutions (HEIs) are relatively new to the arena of higher education, even though there are over 90% of institutions in the higher and further education sector who are currently engaged in some kind of MLE development activity (University of Brighton 2003). However, when it comes to the task of assessing the performance of an MLE there are no universally recognisable frameworks for evaluating MLEs in HEIs currently discussed within the literature. The paper advances a general systemic framework for evaluating MLEs based on Checkland’s SSM and reports on the first stages of our attempt to evaluate the MLE at Manchester Metropolitan University involving the team developing the system and the stakeholders concerned. Two of three iterations of this research have been completed and, whilst outside the scope of this paper, have found that SSM has coped with the criteria demanded of the evaluation framework within its context. After completing a stakeholder analysis, the criteria for evaluating an MLE, based on the stakeholders’ requirements, emerged. These iterations have tentatively concluded that by contextualising SSM to the evaluation requirements of an MLE in a UK HEI, the measures of performance suggested by SSM need to be adjusted. The final iteration will check this outcome.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Alavi M (1994) Computer-mediated collaborative learning: an empirical evaluation. MIS Q 18(2):159–174

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bullock C, Ory J (2000) Evaluating instructional technology implementation in a higher education environment. Am J Eval 21(3):315–328

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Buzan T, Buzan B (1993) The mind map book. BBC Publications, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Checkland P (1981, 1999) Systems thinking, systems practice. Wiley, Chichester

  • Checkland P (2000) Soft systems methodology: a thirty year retrospective. Syst Res Behav Sci 17:11–58

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Checkland P, Poulter J (2006) Learning for action: a short definitive account of soft systems methodology, and its use for practitioners, teachers and students. Wiley, Chichester

    Google Scholar 

  • Checkland P, Scholes J (2003) Soft systems methodology in action. Wiley, Chichester

    Google Scholar 

  • Chen W, Hirschheim R (2004) A paradigmatic and methodological examination of information systems research from 1991 to 2001. Inf Syst J 14:197–235

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Davis J, Subrahmanian E, Konda S, Granger H, Collins M, Westerberg A (2001) Creating shared information spaces to support collaborative design work. Inf Syst Frontier 3(3):377–392

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • de la Teja I, Ganesan R, Lundgren-Cayrol K, Michael Spector J (2003) An introduction to issues in the evaluation of educational technology: international perspectives. Eval Progr Plan 26(2):163–168

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Devedzic V (2003) Think ahead: evaluation and standardisation issues for e-learning applications. Int J Continuing Eng Lifelong Learn 13(5/6):556–566

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Eden C (1992) On the nature of cognitive maps. J Manag Stud 29(3):261–265

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Eden C, Ackermann F (2001a) SODA—the principals. In: Rosenhead J, Mongers J (eds) Rational analysis for a problematic world revisited. Wiley, New York, pp 21–41

    Google Scholar 

  • Eden C, Ackermann F (2001b) SODA—journey making and mapping in practice. In: Rosenhead J, Mongers J (eds) Rational analysis for a problematic world revisited. Wiley, New York, pp 43–60

    Google Scholar 

  • Eden C, Jones S, Sims D (1983) Messing about problems. Pergamon, Oxford

    Google Scholar 

  • Farbey B, Land F, Targett D (1993) How to assess your IT investment: a study of methods and practice. Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford

    Google Scholar 

  • Guba E, Lincoln D (1989) Fourth generation evaluation. Sage Publications, Beverly Hills, CA

    Google Scholar 

  • Holyfield S (2003) Developing a shared understanding of the (MLE)—the role of diagramming and requirements gathering. http://cetis.ac.uk/members/DiVLE/theme3packages/20030919104819/MLE-diagramming-ACF450.pdf. Accessed 20 Jan 2006

  • Jackson GA (1990) Evaluating learning technology: methods strategies and examples in higher education. J High Educ 61(3):294–311

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Laurillard D (1977) Evaluation of student learning in CAL. Comput Educ 2:259–265

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McNaught C, Lam P (2005) Building and evaluation culture and evidence base for e-learning in three Hong Kong universities. Br J Educ Technol 36(4):599–614

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Meisalo V, Sutinen E, Torvinen S (2003) Choosing appropriate methods for evaluating and improving the learning process in distance programming courses. In: The proceedings of the 33rd ASEE/IEEE frontiers in education conference (FIE2003), pp T2B-11-16

  • Myers C, Bennett D, Brown G, Henderson T (2004) Emerging online learning environment and student learning: an analysis of faculty perceptions. Educ Technol Soc 7(1):78–86

    Google Scholar 

  • Oliver M (2000) An introduction to the evaluation of learning technology. Educ Technol Soc 3(4):20–30

    Google Scholar 

  • Patton M (1997) Utilization-focused evaluation. Sage Publications, Beverly Hills, CA

    Google Scholar 

  • Quinsee S, Sumner N (2005) How to manage the big bang: evolution or revolution in the introduction of an MLE? Aslib Proc New Inf Perspect 57(2):146–156

    Google Scholar 

  • Rose J (1997) Soft systems methodology as a social science research tool. Syst Res Behav Sci 14(4):249–258

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rose J, Haynes M (1999) A soft systems approach to evaluation for complex interventions in the public sector. J Appl Manag Stud 8(2):199–216

    Google Scholar 

  • Serafeimidis V, Smithson S (2003) Information systems evaluation as an organisational institution—experience from a case study. Inf Syst J 13:251–274

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Smithson S, Hirsccheim R (1998) Analysing information systems evaluation: another look at an old problem. Eur J Inf Syst 7:158–174

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Strauss A, Corbin J (1990) Basics of qualitative research: grounded theory procedures and techniques. Sage Publications, Beverly Hills, CA

    Google Scholar 

  • Stubbs M (2006) MLE project proposal v1d. Manchester Metropolitan University, Internal Documentation

  • Swan J (1997) Using cognitive mapping in management research: decisions about technical innovation. Br J Manag 8:183–198

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tricker T, Rangecroft M, Long P, Gilroy P (2001) Evaluating distance education courses: the student perception. Assess Eval High Educ 26(2):165–177

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • University of Brighton (2003) Managed learning environment activity in further and higher education in the UK. http://www.jisc.ac.uk/index.cfm?name=project_mle_activity. Accessed 1 Feb 2006

  • Voigt C, Swatman P (2004) Contextual e_learning evaluation: a preliminary framework. J Educ Media 29(3):175–187

    Google Scholar 

  • Williams D (2002) Improving use of learning technologies in higher education through participant oriented evaluations. Educ Technol Soc 5(3):11–17

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Alberto Paucar-Caceres.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Hardman, J., Paucar-Caceres, A. A Soft Systems Methodology (SSM) Based Framework for Evaluating Managed Learning Environments. Syst Pract Action Res 24, 165–185 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11213-010-9182-4

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11213-010-9182-4

Keywords

Navigation