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Differences Between and Within Genders in Gender Role Orientation According to Age and Level of Education

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Abstract

This study analyses the masculinity and femininity in a Spanish sample made up of 164 adult workers (88 men and 76 women). To be specific, the objective was to demonstrate whether age and level of education were related to differences in masculinity and femininity, both when comparing between the two genders and when the comparisons are made within the same gender. The results indicated that the two variables predicted differences in women, but not in men. There were only differences between genders in masculinity and femininity between the ages of 20 and 39, and when the level of education is low. The results appear to support Hofstede’s hypothesis that there are fewer differences between genders in gender role orientation in feminine countries.

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  1. Department of Social Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Granada, Granada, 18071, Spain

    Antonia Calvo-Salguero, José Miguel Ángel García-Martínez & Adelaida Monteoliva

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  1. Antonia Calvo-Salguero
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  2. José Miguel Ángel García-Martínez
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  3. Adelaida Monteoliva
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Calvo-Salguero, A., García-Martínez, J.M.Á. & Monteoliva, A. Differences Between and Within Genders in Gender Role Orientation According to Age and Level of Education. Sex Roles 58, 535–548 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-007-9354-6

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