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Plant Cell Wall Is a Stumbling Stone for Molecular Biologists

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Abstract

Cell wall is a key structure of the plant organism engaged in numerous functions, and plants spend enormous resources on cell wall formation. Cell wall components are the most widespread organic substances on the Earth. However important is assembling plant cell wall polysaccharides, this process has been insufficiently studied by the methods of molecular genetics; in particular, too little is known of the genes that code for the relevant enzymes (glycosyltransferases, GT). The review addresses the current situation by expounding on GT classification, describing the characteristics of enzymes that synthesize cell wall polysaccharides, and summing up the existing knowledge of already identified and putative cellulose and callose synthases and GT localized in the Golgi apparatus. The methodology for searching and characterizing new genes that participate in cell wall formation is under discussion.

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Abbreviations

CAS:

callose synthases

CES:

cellulose synthases

CSL:

cellulose synthase-like proteins

FTIR:

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

FUT:

fucosyltransferases

GFP:

green fluorescent protein

GLT:

galactosyltrasferases

GSL:

glucan synthase-like proteins

GT:

glycosyltransferases

HCA:

hydrophobic cluster analysis

MALDI-TOF MS:

matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization with time of flight mass spectrometry

UDPG:

uridinediphosphate glucose

XT:

xylosyltransferases

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  1. Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Lobachevskogo 2/31, Kazan, Tatarstan, 420503, Russia

    T. A. Gorshkova, N. Nikolovski & D. N. Finaev

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  1. T. A. Gorshkova
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Translated from Fiziologiya Rastenii, Vol. 52, No. 3, 2005, pp. 443–462.

Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Gorshkova, Nikolovski, Finaev.

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Gorshkova, T.A., Nikolovski, N. & Finaev, D.N. Plant Cell Wall Is a Stumbling Stone for Molecular Biologists. Russ J Plant Physiol 52, 392–409 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11183-005-0059-9

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