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Comparison between preparative methodologies of nanostructured carbon nitride and their use as selective photocatalysts in water suspension

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Abstract

Carbon nitride photocatalysts have been prepared by different methodologies, such as chemical ultrasonic irradiation (sonochemical treatment), hydrothermal and ball milling and thermoexfoliation, and have been used for the selective oxidation of 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde (HMF) to form 2,5-furandicarboxyaldehyde (FDC) in water suspension both under UV and natural solar irradiation. The physico-chemical features of the photocatalysts have been studied by X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and specific surface area measurements. The results indicate that exfoliation of carbon nitrides can increase the conversion of HMF and the selectivity to FDC. In particular, samples exfoliated by both thermal and acidic ultrasonic irradiation treatments showed the best photocatalytic performance.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, P.O. Box 179, Ardabil, Iran

    Anise Akhundi & Aziz Habibi-Yangjeh

  2. “Schiavello-Grillone” Photocatalysis Group, Dipartimento di Energia, Ingegneria dell’informazione e modelli Matematici (DEIM), Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128, Palermo, Italy

    Elisa I. García-López, Giuseppe Marcì & Leonardo Palmisano

Authors
  1. Anise Akhundi
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  2. Elisa I. García-López
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  3. Giuseppe Marcì
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  4. Aziz Habibi-Yangjeh
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  5. Leonardo Palmisano
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Correspondence to Elisa I. García-López.

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Special Issue of the 1st International Symposium on Photocatalysis at Fuzhou University.

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Akhundi, A., García-López, E.I., Marcì, G. et al. Comparison between preparative methodologies of nanostructured carbon nitride and their use as selective photocatalysts in water suspension. Res Chem Intermed 43, 5153–5168 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11164-017-3046-9

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