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Synthesis, characterization and adsorption behavior of coconut leaf carbon

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Abstract

Adsorption at the liquid–solid interface has numerous applications in the removal of toxic materials and organic pollutants from water. The present work reports the adsorption of maleic acid onto activated carbon obtained from coconut (Cocos nucifera) leaves. Three types of activated carbons were synthesized by different methods: physical, chemical and microwave activation. In this work, we characterized these methods by XRD, SEM, TGA and FTIR spectroscopic analysis. Activated carbons were subjected to adsorption of maleic acid and the process of adsorption was studied as a function of concentration of acid, contact time and temperature. The polar C–O functional group of the carbon surface attracts H+ ions from the acid solution. This interaction is responsible for the adsorption process. The adsorption data were fitted to Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms. The process of adsorption was found to follow second order kinetics. The effect of temperature on adsorption was also studied and the activation energy, change in enthalpy and entropy were calculated based on the theory of absolute reaction rate expressions.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to the Coordinator, DST-FIST programme, USIC, DST-PURSE laboratory, Mangalore University for providing instrumental facilities. One of the authors, K Hemashree, is thankful to Department of Science and Technology, Government of India for providing financial support through INSPIRE programme.

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  1. Department of Chemistry, Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri, Karnataka, 574199, India

    K. Hemashree & J. Ishwara Bhat

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  1. K. Hemashree
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  2. J. Ishwara Bhat
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Correspondence to J. Ishwara Bhat.

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Hemashree, K., Bhat, J.I. Synthesis, characterization and adsorption behavior of coconut leaf carbon. Res Chem Intermed 43, 4369–4386 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11164-017-2883-x

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