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Characterization and evaluation of the photocatalytic properties of wormhole-like mesoporous silica incorporating TiO2, prepared using different hydrothermal and calcination temperatures

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Abstract

TiO2–SiO2 mesoporous materials were synthesised by deposition of TiO2 nanoparticles prepared by the sol–gel method on to the internal pore surface of wormhole-like mesoporous silica. In this work we synthesised wormhole-like mesoporous silica of different surface area by changing the hydrothermal temperature (70, 100, or 130 °C). Subsequent to this, titania solution was deposited on to the inner surface of the pores and this was followed by calcination at different temperatures (400, 600, or 800 °C). The effect of different hydrothermal and calcination temperature on the photocatalytic properties was evaluated. The samples were characterized by N2-sorption, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The effect of different hydrothermal and calcination temperatures on the photocatalytic properties was evaluated by measuring the degradation of methylene blue in aqueous solution under UV light irradiation (mercury lamp, 125 W). The results indicated that appropriate surface area and degree of crystallinity are two important factors for obtaining high photocatalytic efficiency. Samples prepared at a hydrothermal temperature of 100 °C and calcined at 800 °C had the best photocatalytic performance, because of the highest surface area and high crystallinity.

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Acknowledgments

Mr Mohamad Hazri, Ms Zuhana Ahmad Zuber, and Dr Mat Husin Saleh are gratefully acknowledged for their assistance during the BET and TEM experiments. This work was supported by the SIRIM bhd and Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST) through a collaborative research program. The authors are also grateful to Universiti Putra Malaysia and Universiti Teknologi Petronas for their kind assistance in performing some of the characterization work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials, School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Narmak, Tehran, Iran

    Babak Mazinani, Ali Beitollahi & Jafar Javadpour

  2. Industrial Nanotechnology Research Center, Lot 34, Jalan Hi-tech 2/3, Kulim Hi-Tech Park, 09000, Kulim, Kedah, Malaysia

    Babak Mazinani, Abdul Kadir Masrom & Suhaina Mohd Ibrahim

  3. Faculty of Science and Information Technology, Universiti Teknologi Petronas, Tronoh, Perak, Malaysia

    Noorhana Yahya

  4. Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

    Thomas S. Y. Choong

  5. INTROP, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

    Thomas S. Y. Choong

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  1. Babak Mazinani
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  2. Ali Beitollahi
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  3. Abdul Kadir Masrom
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Correspondence to Babak Mazinani.

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Mazinani, B., Beitollahi, A., Masrom, A.K. et al. Characterization and evaluation of the photocatalytic properties of wormhole-like mesoporous silica incorporating TiO2, prepared using different hydrothermal and calcination temperatures. Res Chem Intermed 38, 1733–1742 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11164-012-0498-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11164-012-0498-9

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