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Kinetic study of the photodegradation of ibuprofen using tertiary oxide ZnO–Al2O3–TiO2

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Abstract

This work reported the effect of the addition of titanium on photocatalyst based on layered double hydroxide using a conventional method and then calcined at 700 °C. The characterization of the prepared LDH and the mixed oxide were carried out with X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), specific surface area by N2 physisorption (BET), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and pHPZC analysis. The catalyst has a small particle size with a specific surface area of more than 23 m2/g and a valence band edge of 3.35 eV. The photoactivity of the catalyst was evaluated in the photodegradation of 2- [4- (2-methylpropyl) phenyl] propanoic acid (Ibuprofen). The catalyst as a mixture of ZnO–Al2O3–TiO2 (ZnAlTi) obtained a photodegradation of 95% after 210 min of exposure to UV radiation (λ = 254 nm). The catalyst showed enhanced photoactivity towards IBU degradation compared to commercial TiO2 which was used as for comparative purposes under UV radiation. The activation energy for IBU degradation at 60 ppm was reported using pseudo first order kinetics. Mass spectrometry was used to analyze the photodegradation results.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to IPN for their financial support (SIP-20221587) and to the Centro de Nano, Micro y Nanotecnología of IPN for their technical support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Química e Industrias Extractivas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, UPALM. Zacatenco, 07738, Cuidad de México, México

    L. V. Castro, M. E. Manriquez & G. M. Bahena-Gutierrez

  2. Laboratorio de Nanotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Insurgentes Sur 3877, Col. La Fama, 14269, Ciudad de México, México

    E. Ortiz-Islas

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  1. L. V. Castro
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Contributions

LVC: conceived and designed the experiments. LVC, MGB, MEM, and EO: performed the experiments. LVC, EO, and MEM: analyzed the data and wrote the manuscript. LVC: contributed with reagents/materials/synthesis tools. LVC, MEM and EO: revised/discussed the paper.

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Correspondence to L. V. Castro.

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Castro, L.V., Manriquez, M.E., Ortiz-Islas, E. et al. Kinetic study of the photodegradation of ibuprofen using tertiary oxide ZnO–Al2O3–TiO2. Reac Kinet Mech Cat 136, 1705–1721 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11144-023-02430-y

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