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Quality of life of patients in renal replacement therapy in Brazil: comparison of treatment modalities

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Abstract

Purpose

This study aimed to analyze and compare the quality of life of renal replacement therapy patients undergoing hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis and those with renal transplantation in Brazil. In addition, we aimed to verify factors associated with patients’ quality of life and the relationship between quality of life and treatment modality, socioeconomic and demographic conditions as well as aspects related to the disease and health services.

Methods

A representative sample of the dialysis units and transplant centers was obtained. Structured questionnaires were used to interview 3,036 patients in one of three treatment modalities: hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis and renal transplant. Information was collected about socioeconomic and demographic characteristics and quality of life measures.

Results

There were significant differences between renal transplants and both forms of dialysis for all dimensions of the SF-36. Hemodialysis patients showed better results in the dimensions of functional capacity, physical aspects and social aspects, compared to peritoneal dialysis patients. Renal transplant patients had the best mean score in the physical component of quality of life. There were no significant differences among treatment groups regarding the mental component of quality of life. The physical and mental components were associated with comorbidities and age; however, older patients had better mental quality of life but worse physical quality of life. Patients in a higher socioeconomic class and patients that were not hospitalized also reported better quality of life. Unmarried and male patients presented better physical quality of life. The dialysis units and transplant centers influenced the patients’ quality of life.

Conclusions

Renal transplant patients have the best quality of life of the three treatment modalities. It is necessary to increase access to renal transplants.

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Abbreviations

QOL:

Quality of life

ESRD:

End-stage renal disease

RRT:

Renal replacement therapies

HD:

Hemodialysis

PD:

Peritoneal dialysis

RT:

Renal transplantation

NHS:

National health system

SF-36:

Medical outcome survey—short form 36

IRT:

Item response theory

ANOVA:

Analysis of variance

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by the Brazilian Health Ministry and the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development.

Conflict of interest

None.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Post-Graduate Program in Public Health Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil

    Juliana Álvares

  2. Department of Statistics, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil

    Cibele Comini Cesar

  3. Department of Social Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil

    Francisco de Assis Acurcio

  4. Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Alfredo Balena, 190, Sala 706, Belo Horizonte, MG, 30130-100, Brazil

    Juliana Álvares, Eli Iola Gurgel Andrade & Mariangela Leal Cherchiglia

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  1. Juliana Álvares
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Correspondence to Juliana Álvares.

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Álvares, J., Cesar, C.C., de Assis Acurcio, F. et al. Quality of life of patients in renal replacement therapy in Brazil: comparison of treatment modalities. Qual Life Res 21, 983–991 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-011-0013-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-011-0013-6

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