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Multiple regulatory mechanisms in the chloroplast of green algae: relation to hydrogen production

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Abstract

A complex regulatory network in the chloroplast of green algae provides an efficient tool for maintenance of energy and redox balance in the cell under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. In this review, we discuss the structural and functional organizations of electron transport pathways in the chloroplast, and regulation of photosynthesis in the green microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. The focus is on the regulatory mechanisms induced in response to nutrient deficiency stress and anoxia and especially on the role of a hydrogenase-mediated reaction in adaptation to highly reducing conditions and ATP deficiency in the cell.

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Abbreviations

Chl:

Chlorophyll

PS:

Photosystem

LHC:

Light-harvesting complex

OEC:

Oxygen-evolving complex

cyt b 6 f :

Cytochrome b 6 f complex

PQ:

Plastoquinone

Qa:

Primary quinone acceptor

Qb:

Secondary quinone acceptor

Pc:

Plastocyanin

Fd:

Ferredoxin

FNR:

Ferredoxin–NADP+ reductase

NDH:

NAD dehydrogenase

FQR:

Ferredoxin–quinone-reductase

H2ase:

Hydrogenase

LET:

Linear electron transport

Flv:

Flavodiiron protein

CET:

Cyclic electron transport

ETC:

Electron transport chain

PPFD:

Photosynthetic photon flux density

DCMU:

(3-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea)

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Acknowledgments

TA thanks Dr. A. Volgusheva for critical comments and helpful suggestions. TA and TK were supported by the Russian Foundation of Basic Research (projects: 14-04-00302 and 15-54-78014). ET was supported by the Academy of Finland (grants: 259075 and 271832).

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  1. Faculty of Biology, Moscow State University, Vorobyevi Gory, Moscow, 119992, Russia

    Taras K. Antal & Tatyana E. Krendeleva

  2. Department of Biochemistry/Molecular Plant Biology, University of Turku, 20014, Turku, Finland

    Esa Tyystjärvi

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  1. Taras K. Antal
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Antal, T.K., Krendeleva, T.E. & Tyystjärvi, E. Multiple regulatory mechanisms in the chloroplast of green algae: relation to hydrogen production. Photosynth Res 125, 357–381 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11120-015-0157-2

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