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Molecular Cloning and Characterisation of Genes Coding for Glycine- and Proline-Rich Proteins (GPRPs) in Soybean

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Abstract

Genes encoding glycine- and proline-rich proteins (GPRPs) are widely distributed in land plants, but these have been rarely characterised. In this study, a total of six GPRPs (GmGPRP1 to 6) have been identified in the soybean genome database, and full-length complementary DNA and genomic DNA sequences of GmGPRP3 and GmGPRP4 have been cloned. GmGPRP1-6 genes encoded a set of small predicted proteins (<185aa) with molecular mass of 12.35–19.67 kDa and isoelectric point of 6.79–10.22. GmGPRP1-5 contained three exons and two introns with fixed occurring sites, whereas GmGPRP6 only has two exons and one intron. In the deduced GmGPRP1-5 sequences, six amino acids (glycine, proline, histidine, alanine, lysine and tyrosine) account for more than 75% of the total protein composition. GmGPRPs showed high similarity to other known GPRPs at amino acid level. Most of GPRPs had three conserved regions, including an N-terminal XYPP-repeat domain, a central hydrophobic domain containing several uninterrupted alanine residues and a C-terminal HGK-repeat region. The transcripts of GmGPRP1, 3 and 4 appeared in different organs including seedling leaves, stems and roots, flowers and developing seeds, but every gene showed a unique organ-specific expression pattern. Furthermore, the expression of GmGPRP1, 3 and 4 was significantly induced by drought, salt and cold, but repressed by abscisic acid. In silico analysis of promoter regions of these genes revealed the presence of putative abiotic-stress regulatory elements. Our data suggest GmGPRPs encoding a class of conservative XYPP-repeat proteins probably play an important role in plant development as well as in response to abiotic stresses.

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Abbreviations

DAF:

Days after flowering

GPRP:

Glycine- and proline-rich protein

PGYRP:

Proline-, glycine- and tyrosine-rich protein

UTR:

Untranslated region

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (31160300), the research funds of Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, China (GKN1001Z011) and the foundation of grand science and technology special of Guangxi Beibu Gulf (2010GXNSFE013003).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guilin, China

    Hui Peng, Yingmei Feng, Hong Zhang, Xinkui Wei & Shichu Liang

  2. College of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, China

    Hui Peng, Yingmei Feng, Hong Zhang, Xinkui Wei & Shichu Liang

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  1. Hui Peng
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  2. Yingmei Feng
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Correspondence to Shichu Liang.

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H. Peng and Y. Feng contibuted equally to this work.

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Peng, H., Feng, Y., Zhang, H. et al. Molecular Cloning and Characterisation of Genes Coding for Glycine- and Proline-Rich Proteins (GPRPs) in Soybean. Plant Mol Biol Rep 30, 566–577 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11105-011-0363-9

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