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Bacteriostatic stimulus of meropenem on allelochemical-metabolizing Burkholderia sp. LS-044 mitigates ferulic acid autotoxicity in rice (Oryza sativa ssp. japonica cv. Tainung 71)

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Abstract

Aims

To screen plant-associated Burkholderia strains for plant probiotic traits including allelochemical metabolism and understand their role on rice allelopathy using a bacteriostatic-dose of antibiotic.

Methods

Burkholderia sp. LS-044, CC-Al74 and CC-3XP9 were screened for plant probiotic traits. Rice (Oryza sativa ssp. japonica cv. Tainung 71) root endophytic isolate LS-044 was subjected to multilocus sequence typing, antibiotic assay, and seed germination bioassay under ferulic acid (FA; 0–200 ppm) and bacteriostatic-dose of meropenem (4 ppm). FA metabolism and cell viability were assessed through alamarBlue (AB) assay.

Results

All tested Burkholderia strains exhibited multiple plant probiotic traits. LS-044, a meropenem-sensitive novel member of Burkholderia cepacia complex displayed rapid metabolism of multiple allelochemicals. Bacteriostatic-dose of meropenem improved germination index (GI) of inoculated seed under FA treatments. Meropenem promoted GI by controlling bacterial FA metabolism and prolonging the cell viability, as evident through AB assay. Uncontrolled bacterial growth under high-dose FA found to be phytotoxic to rice than FA alone.

Conclusions

Burkholderia sp. LS-044 is a potential allelochemical-metabolizing bacterium, which possibly plays a key role in rice allelopathy. Bacteriostatic-dose of meropenem mitigates autotoxicity by controlling and prolonging allelochemical metabolism of rice-associated LS-044.

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Abbreviations

AB:

alamarBlue

Bcc:

Burkholderia cepacia complex

DMRT:

Duncan’s multiple range test

FA:

ferulic acid

FA0:

0 ppm FA

FA50:

50 ppm FA

FA200:

200 ppm FA

FA0 + Mer:

0 ppm FA +4 ppm meropenem

FA50 + Mer:

50 ppm FA +4 ppm meropenem

FA200 + Mer:

200 ppm FA +4 ppm meropenem

GI:

germination index

IAA:

Indole-3-acetic acid

Mer:

meropenem

+Mer:

bacteriostatic-dose of meropenem

MICMer :

minimum inhibitory concentration of meropenem

NA:

nutrient agar

NB:

nutrient broth

OD:

optical density

PDA:

potato dextrose agar

pltC :

gene encoding pyoluteorin

ppm:

parts per million

prnD :

gene encoding pyrrolnitrin

RH ratio:

radicle:hypocotyl ratio

TN71:

Tainung 71 without LS-044 inoculation

TN71*:

Tainung 71 with LS-044 inoculation

VOC:

volatile organic compounds

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Acknowledgements

Authors would like to thank anonymous reviewers for their critical comments on this manuscript and Ms. Yu-Ting Hseih for her technical assistance. This work was financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology (Taiwan) under Grant No. MOST 107-2634-F-005-002 and by the “Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture” from The Featured Areas Research Center Program within the framework of the Higher Education Sprout Project by the Ministry of Education (MOE) in Taiwan.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Soil & Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan

    Asif Hameed, Mariyam Shahina, Wei-An Lai & Chiu-Chung Young

  2. Tetanti AgriBiotech Inc., No. 1, Gongyequ 10th Rd., Xitun Dist., Taichung City, 40755, Taiwan

    Li-Sen Young

  3. Department of Biosciences, Mangalore University, Mangalore, Karnataka, India

    Kandikere Ramaiah Sridhar

  4. Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan

    Chiu-Chung Young

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  1. Asif Hameed
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Hameed, A., Shahina, M., Young, LS. et al. Bacteriostatic stimulus of meropenem on allelochemical-metabolizing Burkholderia sp. LS-044 mitigates ferulic acid autotoxicity in rice (Oryza sativa ssp. japonica cv. Tainung 71). Plant Soil 443, 73–86 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-019-04195-7

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