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Long-term rice-rice-rape rotation optimizes 1,2-benzenediol concentration in rhizosphere soil and improves nitrogen-use efficiency and rice growth

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Abstract

Aims

We examined differences in soil metabolites from the rice root rhizosphere of long-term rice-rice-fallow (RRF) and rice-rice-rape (RRR) rotations, and examined the effects of 1,2-benzenediol on nitrogen-use efficiency (NUE) and rice growth.

Methods

The metabolite composition of rice rhizospheres was analyzed using the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A range of 0.2, 2.0 and 200 μmol L−1 concentrations of external 1,2-benzenediol were applied to examine their effects on rice growth, nitrate reductase (NR) and glutamine synthetase (GS) activities, and physiological nitrogen-use efficiency (PNUE).

Results

The metabolite composition of rhizospheres differed significantly between RRR and RRF. Soil total N and 1,2-benzenediol concentrations during the early rice season were significantly lower under RRR than RRF. Rice growth and NUE significantly enhanced at 0.20 μmol 1,2-benzenediol L−1, but inhibited at 2.0 μmol L−1 or higher. Changes in root morphology and uptake associated with 1,2-benzenediol possibly had contributed to a higher NUE of the early season rice under RRR. The NR and GS activities in rice roots were significantly higher with 0.2 μmol L−1 1,2-benzenediol than without 1,2-benzenediol treatment.

Conclusions

Crop rotation significantly affected rice rhizosphere metabolites. An optimal soil 1,2-benzenediol concentration under long-term RRR rotation may be associated with an enhanced NUE and root N uptake and assimilation, resulting in an increased rice growth and yield.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported in part by the National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFD0200100; 2017YFD0200104); National Natural Science Foundation of China (31101596, 31372130); Hunan Provincial Recruitment Program of Foreign Experts; the National Oilseed Rape Production Technology System of China; and the 2011 Plan of the Chinese Ministry of Education; and the Double First Class Construction Project of Hunan Agricultural University (kxk201801005).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China

    Sheng Lu, Haixing Song, Zhimin Wu & Zhenhua Zhang

  2. National Center of Oilseed Crops Improvement, Hunan Branch, Changsha, 410128, China

    Chunyun Guan

  3. Center for Environmental Diagnostics and Bioremediation, University of West Florida, Pensacola, FL, 32514, USA

    Joe Eugene Lepo

  4. College of Natural Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China

    Xinhua He

  5. School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia

    Xinhua He

Authors
  1. Sheng Lu
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  2. Haixing Song
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  3. Chunyun Guan
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  4. Joe Eugene Lepo
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  5. Zhimin Wu
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  6. Xinhua He
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  7. Zhenhua Zhang
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Correspondence to Xinhua He or Zhenhua Zhang.

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Highlights

• Crop rotation regimes affect the composition of rice rhizosphere metabolites

• Long-term rice-rice-rape rotation optimizes 1,2-benzenediol concentrations

• Nitrogen-use efficiency is improved by optimized 1,2-benzenediol concentrations

• Higher rice growth & yield are associated with optimized soil 1,2-benzenediol levels

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Lu, S., Song, H., Guan, C. et al. Long-term rice-rice-rape rotation optimizes 1,2-benzenediol concentration in rhizosphere soil and improves nitrogen-use efficiency and rice growth. Plant Soil 445, 23–37 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-019-04177-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-019-04177-9

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