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Temperature-dependent effects of soil amendment with crop residues on suppression of Rhizoctonia damping-off of sugar beet

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Abstract

Aims

Effects of soil amendments with crop residues on suppression of damping-off of sugar beet were examined by growing the seedlings in pasteurized, Rhizoctonia solani (AG2-2 IIIB)-infested soil at different temperatures. Dried residues of five dasheen or taro (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott) cultivars were compared with those of peanut (Arachys hypogaea L.) and Brassica rapa Olsson for their effects on disease suppression.

Methods and Results

When the seedlings were grown at 17/12 °C (day/night), all residues equally suppressed the disease when amended into the soil just before sowing. At 22/17 or 32/27 °C, damping-off developed in non-treated soil within 10 days, and differential suppressive effects by the residues became apparent by 21 days. When non-pasteurized, non-treated soil was infested with the pathogen, seedling survival was markedly better than in the same but pasteurized, infested soil. Yet, the effect was not different within the entire temperature ranges. Growth of both R. solani and the seedlings peaked near 25 °C and leveled off at higher temperatures.

Conclusions

These results suggest that damping-off was suppressed by antagonistic soil microorganisms, and individual residues elevated their effects differently. Under cool conditions, the antagonists dominated the pathogen to suppress the disease. Under warmer conditions, pathogenesis overcame antagonism depending on the residue, resulting in differential effects of disease suppression.

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Acknowledgments

We thank the National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences for providing us with the strain of R. solani. We also thank Drs. Eduardo E. Trujillo and Janice Y. Uchida, University of Hawaii at Manoa, for supplying taro cultivars.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Agriculture, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, Japan

    Mariko Matsui, Hitoshi Honjo & Ryo Fukui

  2. Department of Nematology, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA

    J. Ole Becker

Authors
  1. Mariko Matsui
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  2. Hitoshi Honjo
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  3. J. Ole Becker
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  4. Ryo Fukui
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Correspondence to Ryo Fukui.

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Responsible Editor: Peter A.H. Bakker.

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Matsui, M., Honjo, H., Becker, J.O. et al. Temperature-dependent effects of soil amendment with crop residues on suppression of Rhizoctonia damping-off of sugar beet. Plant Soil 366, 467–477 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-012-1427-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-012-1427-9

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