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Fungal community structure under goat willows (Salix caprea L.) growing at metal polluted site: the potential of screening in a model phytostabilisation study

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Abstract

Goat willow (Salix caprea L.) was selected in a previous vegetation screening study as a potential candidate for the later-stage phytostabilisation efforts at a heavily metal polluted site in Slovenia. The aims of this study were to identify the fungi colonising roots of S. caprea along the gradient of vegetation succession and to estimate their colonisation levels in relation to metal pollution in order to reveal its mycorrhizal status at the site. Additionally the metal accumulation capacity of S. caprea and photosynthetic pigments were analysed as indications of its fitness at four differentially polluted plots. Despite high concentrations of leaf accumulated Cd, no significant differences in photosynthetic pigment concentrations were observed. The roots were colonised by arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi, and dark septate endophytes (DSE), with EM as the dominant type on all the plots. Molecular characterisation showed poor correlation of the root EM community with the above-ground sporocarp diversity. Members of Sordariaceae were the most frequent colonisers with an average colonisation of 21% of all root tips, followed by Thelephoraceae with 10%. DSE colonisation increased with increasing Pb concentrations and decreasing organic matter (OM).

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Acknowledgements

The authors wish to thank Dr. Thomas Horton and Ms. Donaraye McKay for their help with molecular work and valuable suggestions. The work was supported by USDA-SLO grant MSZS 3411-99-71-0026 Symbiotic interactions of plants and fungi on polluted sites in Žerjav; MSZS L1-5146-0481-03 Tolerance of organisms in stressed ecosystems and the potential for phytoremediation with sponsors MPI, Mežica Mine and Mobitel d.d.; MSZS PO-0522-0481-03 Ecology and environmental protection; COST 8.38 Managing Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi for Improving Soil Quality and Plant Health in Agriculture.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University in Ljubljana, Večna pot 111, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia

    Marjana Regvar & Matevž Likar

  2. Institute for systematics of higher fungi, Zofke Kvedrove 24, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia

    Andrej Piltaver

  3. ERICO Velenje, Koroška 58, SI-3322, Velenje, Slovenia

    Nives Kugonič

  4. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Forestry Sciences Laboratory, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA

    Jane E. Smith

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  1. Marjana Regvar
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  2. Matevž Likar
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  4. Nives Kugonič
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Correspondence to Marjana Regvar.

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Responsible Editor: Peter Christie.

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Regvar, M., Likar, M., Piltaver, A. et al. Fungal community structure under goat willows (Salix caprea L.) growing at metal polluted site: the potential of screening in a model phytostabilisation study. Plant Soil 330, 345–356 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-009-0207-7

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