Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

The Rice OsRad21-4, an Orthologue of Yeast Rec8 Protein, is Required for Efficient Meiosis

  • Published:
Plant Molecular Biology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In yeast, Rad21/Scc1 and its meiotic variant Rec8 are key players in the establishment and subsequent dissolution of sister chromatid cohesion for mitosis and meiosis, respectively, which are essential for chromosome segregation. Unlike yeast, our identification revealed that the rice genome has 4 RAD21-like genes that share lower than 21% identity at polypeptide levels, and each is present as a single copy in this genome. Here we describe our analysis of the function of OsRAD21-4 by RNAi. Western blot analyses indicated that the protein was most abundant in young flowers and less in leaves and buds but absent in roots. In flowers, the expression was further defined to premeiotic pollen mother cells (PMCs) and meiotic PMCs of anthers. Meiotic chromosome behaviors were monitored from male meiocytes of OsRAD21-4-deficient lines mediated by RNAi. The male meiocytes showed multiple aberrant events at meiotic prophase I, including over-condensation of chromosomes, precocious segregation of homologues and chromosome fragmentation. Fluorescence in situ hybridization experiments revealed that the deficient lines were defective in homologous pairing and cohesion at sister chromatid arms. These defects resulted in unequal chromosome segregation and aberrant spore generation. These observations suggest that OsRad21-4 is essential for efficient meiosis.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • X. Bai B.N. Peirsion F. Dong X. Cai. C.A. Makaroff (1999) ArticleTitleIsolation and characterization of SYN1, a RAD21-like gene essential for meiosis in Arabidopsis Plant Cell 11 417–430 Occurrence Handle10.1105/tpc.11.3.417 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXitlehs7Y%3D Occurrence Handle10072401

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • F. Baudat K. Manova J.P. Yuen M. Jasin S. Keeney (2000) ArticleTitleChromosome synapsis defects and sexually dimorphic meiotic progression in mice lacking Spo11 Mol. Cell 6 989–998 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S1097-2765(00)00098-8 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXosV2msbs%3D Occurrence Handle11106739

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • A.M. Bhatt C. Lister T. Page P. Fransz K. Findlay G.H. Jones H.G. Dickinson C. Dean (1999) ArticleTitleThe DIF1 gene of Arabidopsis is required for meiotic chromosome segregation and belongs to the REC8/RAD21 cohesin gene family Plant J. 19 463–472 Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1365-313X.1999.00548.x Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXms1Srurg%3D Occurrence Handle10504568

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • R.P. Birkenbihl S. Subramani (1992) ArticleTitleCloning and characterization of rad21 an essential gene of Schizosaccharomyces pombe involved in DNA double-strand-break repair Nucl. Acids Res. 20 6605–6611 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK3sXkvVOrtLo%3D Occurrence Handle1480481

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • S.B.C. Buonomo R.K. Clyne J. Fuchs J. Loidl F. Uhlmann K. Nasmyth (2000) ArticleTitleDisjunction of homologous chromosomes in meiosis I depends on proteolytic cleavage of the meiotic cohesion Rec8 by separin Cell 103 387–398 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0092-8674(00)00131-8 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXnvF2ks74%3D Occurrence Handle11081626

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • X. Cai F. Dong R.E. Edelmann C.A. Makaroff (2003) ArticleTitleThe Arabidopsis SYN1 cohesin protein is required for sister chromatid arm cohesion and homologous chromosome pairing J. Cell. Sci. 116 2999–3007 Occurrence Handle10.1242/jcs.00601 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXlvFyqtbg%3D Occurrence Handle12783989

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • C. Chen Y. Xu H. Ma K. Chong (2005) ArticleTitleCell biological characterization of male meiosis and pollen development in rice J. Integrative Plant Biol. 47 734–744

    Google Scholar 

  • Z. Cheng F. Dong T. Langdon S. Ouyang C.R. Buell M. Gu F.R. Blattner J. Jiang (2002) ArticleTitleFunctional Rice Centromeres Are Marked by a Satellite Repeat and a Centromere-Specific Retrotransposon Plant Cell 14 1691–1704 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XmslChurY%3D Occurrence Handle12172016

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • C.F. Chuang E.M. Meyerowitz (2000) ArticleTitleSpecific and heritable genetic interference by double-stranded RNA in Arabidopsis thaliana Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97 4985–4990 Occurrence Handle10.1073/pnas.060034297 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXivFKis7w%3D Occurrence Handle10781109

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • L. Davis G. Smith (2001) ArticleTitleMeiotic recombination and chromosome segregation in Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98 8395–8402 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXls1Wis70%3D Occurrence Handle11459981

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • A.F. Dernberg K. McDonald G. Moulder R. Barstead M. Dresser A.M. Villeneuve (1998) ArticleTitleMeiotic recombination in C. elegans initiates by a conserved mechanism and is dispensable for homologous chromosome synapsis Cell 94 387–398

    Google Scholar 

  • Z.J. Ding X.H. Wu T. Wang (2002) ArticleTitleThe rice tapetum-specific gene RA39 encodes a type I ribosome-inactivating protein Sex. Plant Reprod. 15 205–212 Occurrence Handle10.1007/s00497-002-0156-2 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XpsVSrsrg%3D

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • F. Dong X. Cai C.A. Makaroff (2001) ArticleTitleCloning and characterization of two Arabidopsis genes that belong to the RAD21/REC8 family of chromosome cohesin proteins Gene 271 99–108 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0378-1119(01)00499-1 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXkt1Kksrg%3D Occurrence Handle11410371

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • N.A. Eckardt (2000) ArticleTitlesequencing the rice genome Plant Cell 12 2011–2017 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXos1Gi Occurrence Handle11090205

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • M. Eijpe H. Offenberg R. Jessberger E. Revenkova C. Heyting (2003) ArticleTitleMeiotic cohesin REC8 marks the axial elements of rat synaptonemal complexes before cohesins SMC1beta and SMC3 J. Cell. Biol. 160 657–670 Occurrence Handle10.1083/jcb.200212080 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXhvFWlsrk%3D Occurrence Handle12615909

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • S. Gruber C.H. Haering K. Nasmyth (2003) ArticleTitleChromosomal cohesin forms a ring Cell 112 765–777 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0092-8674(03)00162-4 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXivVWjsb0%3D Occurrence Handle12654244

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • M. Grelon D. Vezon G. Gendrot G. Pelletier (2001) ArticleTitleAtSPO11-1 is necessary for efficient meiotic recombination in plants EMBO J. 20 589–600 Occurrence Handle10.1093/emboj/20.3.589 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXitFGqtLw%3D Occurrence Handle11157765

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • V. Guacci D. Koshland A. Strunnikov (1997) ArticleTitleA direct link between sister chromatid cohesion and chromosome condensation revealed through the analysis of MCD1 in S. cerevisiae Cell 91 47–57 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0092-8674(01)80008-8 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXmslGgt7o%3D Occurrence Handle9335334

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • A.J. Hamilton D.C. Baulcombe (1999) ArticleTitleA species of small antisense RNA in posttranscriptional gene silencing in plants Science 286 950–952 Occurrence Handle10.1126/science.286.5441.950 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXntFaktbY%3D Occurrence Handle10542148

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • W.C. Hanly J.E. Artwohl B.T. Bennett (1995) ArticleTitleReview of polyclonal antibody production in mammals and poultry ILAR J. 37 93–118 Occurrence Handle11528030

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Y. Hiei S. Ohta T. Komari T. Kumashiro (1994) ArticleTitleEfficient transformation of rice (Oryza sativa L.) mediated by Agrobacterium and sequence analysis of the boundaries of the T-DNA Plant J. 6 271–282 Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1365-313X.1994.6020271.x Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXhtlGntLc%3D Occurrence Handle7920717

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • J. Jiang B.S. Gill G.L Wang P.C. Ronald D.C. Ward (1995) ArticleTitleMetaphase and interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization mapping of the rice genome with bacterial artificial chromosomes Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92 4487–4491 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXls1aksL8%3D Occurrence Handle7753830

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • T. Kitajima Y. Miyazaki M. Yamamoto Y. Watanabe (2003a) ArticleTitleRec8 cleavage by separase is required for meiotic nuclear divisions in fission yeast EMBO J. 22 5643–5653 Occurrence Handle10.1093/emboj/cdg527 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXot1Crtbw%3D

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • T.S. Kitajima S. Yokobayashi M. Yamamoto Y. Watanabe (2003b) ArticleTitleDistinct cohesin complexes organize meiotic chromosome domains Science 300 1152–1155 Occurrence Handle10.1126/science.1083634 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXjslGqtrg%3D

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • F. Klein P. Mahr M. Galova S.B.C. Buonomo C. Michaelis K. Nairz K. Nasmyth (1999) ArticleTitleA central role for cohesions in sister chromatid cohesion, formation of axial elements and recombination during yeast meiosis Cell 98 91–103 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80609-1 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXks1Kktr0%3D Occurrence Handle10412984

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • A. Kohli R.M. Twyman R. Abranches E. Wegel E. Stoger P. Christou (2003) ArticleTitleTransgene integration, organization and interaction in plants Plant Mol. Biol. 52 247–258 Occurrence Handle10.1023/A:1023941407376 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXktFSmu7Y%3D Occurrence Handle12856933

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • U.K. Laemmli (1970) ArticleTitleCleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophase T4 Nature 227 680–685 Occurrence Handle10.1038/227680a0 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXlsFags7s%3D Occurrence Handle5432063

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • B.D. Lavoie E. Hogan D. Koshland (2002) ArticleTitleIn vivo dissection of the chromosome condensation machinery: reversibility of condensation distinguishes contributions of condensin and cohesin J. Cell. Biol. 156 805–815 Occurrence Handle10.1083/jcb.200109056 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XitVGmsbk%3D Occurrence Handle11864994

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • J. Lee T. Iwai T. Yokota M. Yamashita (2003) ArticleTitleTemporally and spatially selective loss of Rec8 protein from meiotic chromosome during mammalian J. Cell. Sci. 116 2781–2790 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXlsFamtbY%3D Occurrence Handle12759374

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • T.Y. Lee T.L. Orr-Weaver (2001) ArticleTitleThe molecular basis of sister chromatid cohesion Annu. Rev. Cell. Dev. Biol. 17 753–777 Occurrence Handle10.1146/annurev.cellbio.17.1.753 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXos1Omtr8%3D Occurrence Handle11687503

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • W. Li X. Yang Z. Lin L. Timofejeva R. Xiao C. Makaroff A. H. Ma (2005) ArticleTitleThe AtRAD51C gene is required for normal meiotic chromosome synapsis and double-stranded break repair in Arabidopsis Plant Physiol. 138 965–976 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXmtVejs7g%3D Occurrence Handle15923332

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • H. Ma (2005) ArticleTitleMolecular genetic analyses of microsporogenesis and microgametogenesis of flowering plants Plant Biol. 56 393–434 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXmtVaqsr0%3D

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • K.S. Mckim B.L. Green-Marroquin. J.J. Sekelsky G. Chin C. Steinberg R. Khodosh R.S. Hawley (1998) ArticleTitleMeiotic synapsis in the absence of recombination Science 279 876–878 Occurrence Handle10.1126/science.279.5352.876 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXhtVOitr0%3D Occurrence Handle9452390

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • C. Michaelis R. Ciosk K. Nasmysh (1997) ArticleTitleCohesions: chromosomal proteins that prevent premature separation of sister chromatids Cell 91 35–45 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0092-8674(01)80007-6 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXmslGgt70%3D Occurrence Handle9335333

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Y. Mito A. Sugimoto M. Yamamoto (2003) ArticleTitleDistinct developmental function of two Caenorhabditis elegans homologs of the cohesin subunit Scc1/Rad21 Mol. Biol. Cell 14 2399–2409 Occurrence Handle10.1091/mbc.E02-09-0603 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXkvFSltLs%3D Occurrence Handle12808038

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • M.G. Murray W.F. Thompson (1980) ArticleTitleRapid isolation of high molecular weight plant DNA Nucl. Acids Res. 8 4321–4325 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL3cXmtVSmtL8%3D Occurrence Handle7433111

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • K. Nasmyth (2001) ArticleTitleDisseminating the genome: joining, resolving and separating sister chromatids during mitosis and meiosis Annu. Rev. Genet. 35 673–745 Occurrence Handle10.1146/annurev.genet.35.102401.091334 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XlsVOr Occurrence Handle11700297

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • K. Nasmyth (2002) ArticleTitleSegregating sister genomes: the molecular biology of chromosome separation Science 297 559–565 Occurrence Handle10.1126/science.1074757 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XlslWkurk%3D Occurrence Handle12142526

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • K. Nonomura M. Nakano T. Fukuda M. Eiguchi A. Miyao H. Hirochika N. Kurata (2004) ArticleTitleThe novel gene homologous pairing aberrantion in rice meiosis 1 of rice encodes a putative coiled-coil protein required for homologous pairing in meiosis Plant Cell 16 1008–1020 Occurrence Handle10.1105/tpc.020701 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXjt1ynsbs%3D Occurrence Handle15031413

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • S. Parisi M.J. McKay M. Molnar M.A. Thompson P.J. Spek Particlevan der E. Drunen-Schoenmaker Particlevan R. Kanaar E. Lehmann J.H. Hoeijmakers J. Kohli (1999) ArticleTitleRec8p, a meiotic recombination and sister chromatid cohesion phosphoprotein of the Rad21p family conserved from fission yeast to humans Mol. Cell. Biol. 19 3515–3528 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXislSlurc%3D Occurrence Handle10207075

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • P. Pasierbek M. Jantsch M. Melcher A. Schleiffer D. Schweizer J. Loidl (2001) ArticleTitleA Caenorhabditis elegans cohesion protein with functions in meiotic chromosome pairing and disjunction Genes Dev. 15 1349––1360 Occurrence Handle10.1101/gad.192701 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXktlSntbo%3D Occurrence Handle11390355

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • W.P. Pawlowski I.N. Golubovskaya L. Timofejeva R.B. Meeley W.F. Sheridan W.Z. Cande (2004) ArticleTitleCoordination of meiotic recombination, pairing and synapsis by PHS1 Science 2004 89–92

    Google Scholar 

  • M. Petronczki M. Siomos K. Nasmyth (2003) ArticleTitleThe molecular biology of chromosome segregation in meiosis Cell 112 423–440 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0092-8674(03)00083-7 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXhs1SnsL8%3D Occurrence Handle12600308

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • I. Prieto J.A. Suja N. Pezzi L. Kremer A.C. Martinez J.S. Rufas J.L. Barbero (2001) ArticleTitleMammalian STAG3 is a cohesin specific to sister chromatid arms in meiosis I Nat. Cell. Biol. 3 761–766 Occurrence Handle10.1038/35087082 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXmtFensLc%3D Occurrence Handle11483963

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • E. Revenkova M. Eijpe C. Heyting B. Gross R. Jessberger (2001) ArticleTitleNovel meiosis-specific isoform of mammalian SMC1 Mol. Cell. Biol. 21 6984–6998 Occurrence Handle10.1128/MCB.21.20.6984-6998.2001 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXntFCht70%3D Occurrence Handle11564881

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • K.J. Ross P. Fransz G.H. Jones (1996) ArticleTitleA light microscopic atlas of meiosis in Arabidopsis thaliana Chr. Res. 4 551–559

    Google Scholar 

  • G.H. Salekdeh J. Sinopongco L.J. Wade B. Ghareyazie J. Bennett (2002) ArticleTitleProteomic analysis of rice leaves during drought stress and recovery Proteomics 2 1131–1145 Occurrence Handle10.1002/1615-9861(200209)2:9<1131::AID-PROT1131>3.0.CO;2-1 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38Xnsl2msbo%3D Occurrence Handle12362332

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • R. Shishido Y. Sano K. Fukui (2000) ArticleTitleRibosomal DNAs: an exception to the conservation of gene order in rice genomes Mol. Gen. Genet. 263 586–591 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXkt1egsLg%3D Occurrence Handle10852479

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • F. Takaiwa K. Oono Y. Lida M. Sugiura (1985) ArticleTitleThe complete nucleotide sequence of a rice 25S rRNA gene Gene 37 55–259

    Google Scholar 

  • T. Tanaka C.P. Maria K. Wirth K. Nasmyth (1999) ArticleTitleIdentification of cohesin association sites at centromeres and along chromosome arms Cell 98 847–858 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81518-4 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXmt1GrsL4%3D Occurrence Handle10499801

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • T. Tomonaga K. Nagao Y. Kawasaki K. Furuya A. Murakami J. Morishita T. Yuasa T. Sutani S.E. Kearsey F. Uhlmann K. Nasmyth M. Yanagida (2000) ArticleTitleCharacterzation of fission yeast cohesion: essential anaphase proteolysis of Rad21 phosphorylated in the S phase Genes Dev. 14 2757–2770 Occurrence Handle10.1101/gad.832000 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXotFOju7Y%3D Occurrence Handle11069892

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • F. Uhlmann (2001) ArticleTitleChromosome cohesion and segregation in mitosis and meiosis Curr. Opin. Cell. Biol. 13 754–761 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0955-0674(00)00279-9 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXotFWht7k%3D Occurrence Handle11698193

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • F. Uhlmann K. Nasmyth (1998) ArticleTitleCohesion between sister chromatids must be established during DNA replication Curr. Biol. 8 1095–1101 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0960-9822(98)70463-4 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXmslags7c%3D Occurrence Handle9778527

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • F. Uhlmann D. Wernic M.A. Poupart (2000) ArticleTitleCleavage of cohesin by the CD clan protease separin triggers anaphase in yeast Cell 103 375–386 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0092-8674(00)00130-6 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXnvF2ksrY%3D Occurrence Handle11081625

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Y. Watanabe (2004) ArticleTitleModifying sister chromatid cohesion for meiosis J. Cell Sci. 117 4017–4023 Occurrence Handle10.1242/jcs.01352 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXotlGrsbY%3D Occurrence Handle15316077

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Y. Watanabe P. Nurse (1999) ArticleTitleCohesin Rec8 is required for reductional chromosome segregation at meiosis Nature 400 461–464 Occurrence Handle10.1038/22774 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXltVGmtL4%3D Occurrence Handle10440376

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Y. Watanabe S. Yokobayashi M. Yamamoto P. Nurse (2001) ArticleTitlePre-meiotic S phase is linked to reductional chromosome segregation and recombination Nature 409 359–363 Occurrence Handle10.1038/35053103 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXms12ksw%3D%3D Occurrence Handle11201746

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • S.V. Wesley C.A. Helliwell N.A. Smith M. Wang D.T. Rouse Q. Liu P.S. Gooding S.P. Singh D. Abbott P.A. Stoutjesdijk (2001) ArticleTitleConstruct design for efficient, effective and high-throughput gene silencing in plants Plant J. 27 581–590 Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1365-313X.2001.01105.x Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXos12ktLo%3D Occurrence Handle11576441

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • D.M. Worrall (1996) Extraction of recombinant proteins from bacteria S. Doonan (Eds) Protein Purification Protocols Humana New Jersey 31–37

    Google Scholar 

  • Y. Yang R. Li M. Qi (2000) ArticleTitleIn vivo analysis of plant promoters and transcription factors by agroinfiltration of tobacco leaves Plant J. 22 543–551 Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1365-313x.2000.00760.x Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXltFKksbw%3D Occurrence Handle10886774

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • H. Yu D.E. Koshland (2003) ArticleTitleMeiotic condensin is required for proper chromosome compaction, SC assembly and resolution of recombination-dependent chromosome linkages J. Cell. Biol. 163 937–947 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXpvVaksrg%3D Occurrence Handle14662740

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • L.R. Zhang J.Y. Tao T. Wang (2004) ArticleTitleMolecular characterization of OsRAD21–1, a rice homologue of yeast RAD21 essential for mitotic chromosome cohesion J. Exp. Bot. 55 1149–1152 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXjs1Wruro%3D Occurrence Handle15073216

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • D. Zickler N. Kleckner (1999) ArticleTitleMeiotic chromosomes: integrating structure and function Annu. Rev. Genet. 33 603–754 Occurrence Handle10.1146/annurev.genet.33.1.603 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXhtVSmsL4%3D Occurrence Handle10690419

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Photosynthesis and Environmental Molecular Physiology, Research Center of Molecular & Developmental Biology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China

    Liangran Zhang, Jiayi Tao, Shunxin Wang, Kang Chong & Tai Wang

  2. Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China

    Liangran Zhang & Jiayi Tao

Authors
  1. Liangran Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Jiayi Tao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Shunxin Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Kang Chong
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Tai Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Tai Wang.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Zhang, L., Tao, J., Wang, S. et al. The Rice OsRad21-4, an Orthologue of Yeast Rec8 Protein, is Required for Efficient Meiosis. Plant Mol Biol 60, 533–554 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11103-005-4922-z

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11103-005-4922-z

Keywords

Search

Navigation