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Initiatives promoting seamless care in medication management: an international review of the grey literature

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Abstract

Background Patients’ transition between hospital and community is a high-risk period for the occurrence of medication-related problems. Aim of the review The objective was to review initiatives, implemented at national and regional levels in seven selected countries, aiming at improving continuity in medication management upon admission and hospital discharge. Method We performed a structured search of grey literature, mainly through relevant websites (scientific, professional and governmental organizations). Regional or national initiatives were selected. For each initiative data on the characteristics, impact, success factors and barriers were extracted. National experts were asked to validate the initiatives identified and the data extracted. Results Most initiatives have been implemented since the early 2000 and are still ongoing. The principal actions include: development and implementation of guidelines for healthcare professionals, national information campaigns, education of healthcare professionals and development of information technologies to share data across settings of care. Positive results have been partially reported in terms of intake into practice or process measures. Critical success factors identified included: leadership and commitment to convey national and local forces, tailoring to local settings, development of a regulatory framework and information technology support. Barriers identified included: lack of human and financial resources, questions relative to responsibility and accountability, lack of training and lack of agreement on privacy issues. Conclusion Although not all initiatives are applicable as such to a particular healthcare setting, most of them convey very interesting data that should be used when drawing recommendations and implementing approaches to optimize continuity of care.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank all experts who participated in the validation process: Simon Bell, Thimothy Chen, Glena Ellit, Rebekah Moles, Margaret Colquhoun, Louise Mallet, Tina Eriksson, Henrik Schroll, Simon Schytte-Hansen, Saskia Vercaeren, Catherine Picton, Benoît Allenet, J. F. Schüsler, Nicolette van Horssen, Fatma Karapinar and Maureen Layden. We also thank Christine Bond and Dominique Paulus for their critical reading of the report.

Funding

This study was supported by the Belgian Health Care Knowledge Center, a state-funded research institution. One representative reviewed and commented the literature search, data analysis and interpretation of the results. The present paper represents an update of this work. The funding source had no influence on the preparation of the manuscript or the decision to submit the manuscript for publication.

Conflicts of interest

None.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium

    Coraline Claeys

  2. Research Centre for Pharmaceutical Care and Pharmaco-economics, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

    Veerle Foulon

  3. Pharmacy Hospital Department, University Hospital of Leuven, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

    Sabrina de Winter

  4. Louvain Drug Research Institute, CHU Mont-Godinne Dinant, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium

    Anne Spinewine

  5. Clinical Pharmacy Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Av E Mounier, 73 B1.72.02, 1200, Brussels, Belgium

    Anne Spinewine

  6. Pharmacy Department, CHU Mont-Godinne, Université Catholique de Louvain, Av Dr G Therasse, 1, 5530, Yvoir, Belgium

    Anne Spinewine

Authors
  1. Coraline Claeys
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  2. Veerle Foulon
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  3. Sabrina de Winter
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  4. Anne Spinewine
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Anne Spinewine.

Appendices

Appendix 1: Websites browsed

Australia

Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Healthcare (www.safetyandquality.gov.au), Commonwealth Department of Health and Ageing (www.health.gov.au), Australian Pharmacy Council (http://pharmacycouncil.org.au/content/), Australian Pharmaceutical Advisory Council (for http://australia.gov.au/search), The Pharmacy Guild of Australia (www.guild.org.au/the_guild), Pharmaceutical Society of Australia (www.psa.org.au), eHealth (www.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/Content/eHealth), and (www.nehta.gov.au/).

Canada

Canadian Patient Safety Institute (www.patientsafetyinstitute.ca), Safer Health Care Now (www.saferhealthcarenow.ca), Canadian Council on health services accreditation (www.accreditation.ca), Quality Healthcare Network (www.qhn.ca), Canadian Pharmacist Association (www.pharmacists.ca/), Ordre des Pharmaciens du Québec (www.opq.org/), Canadian Institute for Health information (www.cihi.ca), Canada Health Infoway (www.infoway-inforoute.ca).

Denmark

The European Observatory on health systems and Policies—Denmark 2007 (www.euro.who.int/en/who-we-are/partners/observatory), The Danish Medicine Agency (www.dkma.dk), The Danish Medicine Agency—Medicine Profile (www.laegemiddelstyrelsen.dk), The Danish Pharmaceutical Association (www.apotekerforeningen.dk), Ministry of Health and Prevention (www.sum.dk/English.aspx), Sundhedsstyrelsen—Danish National Board of Health (www.sst.dk/English.aspx), Medcom (www.medcom.dk/wm109991), Sundhed—The Danish eHealth Portal (www.sundhed.dk/service/english/), Digital Sundhed—Connected Digital Health in Denmark (www.sdsd.dk/), National Board of e-health (www.nsi.dk).

England

National Health Service (NHS; www.nhs.uk), Department of Health (www.dh.gov.uk), National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE; www.nice.org.uk), The Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain (www.rpsgb.org.uk/), National Prescribing Center (www.npci.org.uk), The Care Quality Commission (www.cqc.org.uk), Healthspace (www.healthspace.nhs.uk), The NHS Institute (www.institute.nhs.uk).

France

Haute Autorité de Santé (www.has-sante.fr), Agence Française de Sécurité Sanitaire des Produits de Santé (www.afssaps.fr/), Ordre National des Pharmaciens (www.ordre.pharmacien.fr/), Société Française de Pharmacie Clinique (www.sfpc.eu/fr/).

The Netherlands

Koninklijke Nederlandse Maatschappij (www.knmp.nl); Project: Overdracht van medicatiegegevens in de keten ( www.medicatieoverdracht.nl).

US

Joint Commission on the Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (www.jointcommission.org), Institute for Healthcare Improvement (www.ihi.org/), Agency for healthcare research and quality in US (www.ahrq.gov/), United States Department of Veteran Affairs (www.va.gov/health/), NHS connecting for health—newsroom—“world view” reports (http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/*/http://www.connectingforhealth.nhs.uk/archive), My Healthevet (www.myhealth.va.gov), Veteran Affairs Resource Center—VIRec (www.virec.research.va.gov).

Appendix 2: Experts consulted

Australia

Experts: Dr. Simon Bell, Associate Professor, Project Director Veterans’ MATES, Quality Use of Medicines and Pharmacy Research Centre, Sansom Institute, University of South Australia, Australia; Dr. Timothy Chen, Assistant Professor, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Australia; Ms. Glena Ellitt, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Australia; Dr. Rebekah Moles, pharmacy lecturer, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Australia.

Canada

Dr Margaret Colquhoun, project leader ISMP Canada; Pr Louise Mallet, clinical pharmacist at the University of Montreal.

Denmark

Tina Eriksson PhD GP, President of European Association for Quality in General Practice (EQuiP) Consultant of DAK-E, Danish Quality Unit of GP; Henrik Schroll, Senior researcher, PhD, head of the National Quality Unit—IT department University of Southern Denmark; Simon Schytte-Hansen, hospital pharmacist, orthopedic surgery department, Amager Hospital, Copenhagen.

England

Saskia Vercaeren, Specialist Pharmacist Cardiac Services, Barts and the London NHS Trust, Catherine Picton BSc, MBA, MRPharmS. Author of “Keeping patients safe when they transfer between care providers—getting the medicines right”.

France

Benoît Allenet, hospital pharmacist, PhD, Université Joseph Fourier et Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble.

The Netherlands

J. F. Schüsler, KNMP; Nicolette van Horssen, KNMP; Fatma Karapinar, hospital pharmacist in training and researcher, Department of hospital pharmacy, Sint Lucas Andreas Ziekenhuis, Amsterdam and Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Science, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University.

US

Maureen layden, md, mph, veterans health administration, director, va medication reconciliation initiative, va central office: pharmacy benefits management.

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Claeys, C., Foulon, V., de Winter, S. et al. Initiatives promoting seamless care in medication management: an international review of the grey literature. Int J Clin Pharm 35, 1040–1052 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11096-013-9844-2

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