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A Pharmacotherapy Follow-Up Program in Patients with Type-2 Diabetes in Community Pharmacies in Spain

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Abstract

Objective

Poor metabolic control and high associated morbidity and mortality among type 2 diabetic patients require a level of care from the pharmacist that goes beyond usual dispensing. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the improvement in metabolic control, the resolution of drug-related problems (DRPs) and the increase in patient awareness of diabetes as outcomes of a pharmacotherapy follow-up program in type 2 diabetic patients.

Method

Randomized controlled trial conducted in 14 community pharmacies in the province of Pontevedra (Spain) with 112 patients between February 2003 and March 2004. The control group received the usual care, and the intervention group patients were included in a pharmacotherapy follow-up program. This individualized program, which consists of the detection and resolution of DRPs and diabetes education, involves patients in their own care in order to obtain maximum benefit from the medication they use.

Main outcome measures

HbA1c, Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG), lipid profile, blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), DRPs and knowledge were evaluated at the onset of the program and periodically until conclusion.

Results

There was a significant difference in changes from baseline between the intervention and the control group in DRPs (1.7±1.2 versus 3.1±1.2 P<0.0001), knowledge (17.9±3.7 versus 11.4±6.7 points P<0.0001), HbA1c (7.9±1.7 versus 8.5±1.9% P<0.0001), FBG (154±61.3 versus 168±57.8 mg/dl P=0.0004), total cholesterol (202±41.5 versus 217±43.5 mg/dl P=0.0054) and SBP (135±16.4 versus 150±19.9 mmHg P=0.0006).

Conclusions

A substantial number of patients showed an improvement in their outcomes for the chosen metabolic indicators. Pharmacotherapy follow-up programs conducted by community pharmacists can play an important role in achieving therapeutic goals in patients with type 2 diabetes.

This study shows that the incorporation of type 2 diabetic patients in a pharmacotherapy follow-up program may contribute to achieve positive clinical outcomes and will contribute to the implementation and progress of pharmacotherapy follow-up programs in community pharmacies.

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Acknowledgements

The authors wish to thank all pharmacists and patients who participated in this study. We should also like to thank Bayer Spain, the Official College of Pharmacist of Pontevedra and the Pharmaceutical Northwest Wholesaler Cooperative (Cofano) for their financial support.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Community pharmacist at Cangas, Pontevedra, Calle Rea 17, Cangal, 36940, Spain

    José A. Fornos

  2. Community pharmacist at Vigo, Pontevedra, calle San Francisco 31, Vigo, 36202, Spain

    N. Floro Andrés, J. Carlos Andrés & Beatriz Egea

  3. Primary Care Service at A Guarda-Rosal, Pontevedra, Avda dePortugal s/n, AGuarada, 36780, Spain

    M. Mercedes Guerra

  4. Community pharmacist at Vigo, Pontevedra, San Francisco, 31, 36202, Vigo, Spain

    N. Floro Andrés

Authors
  1. José A. Fornos
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  2. N. Floro Andrés
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  3. J. Carlos Andrés
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  4. M. Mercedes Guerra
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  5. Beatriz Egea
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to N. Floro Andrés.

Additional information

Working group Berbés in Pharmaceutical Care of the Official College of Pharmacists of Pontevedra.

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Fornos, J.A., Andrés, N.F., Andrés, J.C. et al. A Pharmacotherapy Follow-Up Program in Patients with Type-2 Diabetes in Community Pharmacies in Spain. Pharm World Sci 28, 65–72 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11096-006-9003-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11096-006-9003-0

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