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Design of an ultra-compact and high-contrast ratio all-optical NOR gate

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Abstract

In this research, an all-optical NOR gate is designed and simulated based on two-dimensional photonic crystals. A square lattice has been used to design this structure. This logic gate has two main inputs, a bias input, and an output. Because the output of the NOR gate must be “1” for zero inputs, a bias input is required. One of the characteristics of this structure is its small size for use in optical integrated circuits. Also, in order to reduce the detection error in the output, it has been tried that the outputs have a suitable difference in two “0” and “1” logical states. The use of a small number and simple point defects makes the design of this gate easier. The simulation results show that the proposed structure is suitable for working at a wavelength of 1.55 µm. Also, the amount of optical power at the output is high in the “1” logical mode and low in the “0” logical mode. In the proposed gate, the normalized output power in low logic mode is reduced to 0.05 by changing the defect rods.

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Acknowledgements

This paper was written with the support of Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electrical Engineering, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran

    Fariborz Parandin

  2. Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Technical and Vocational, Eslamabad-e Gharb Branch, Technical and Vocational University (TVU), Kermanshah, Iran

    Naser Mahtabi

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  1. Fariborz Parandin
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  2. Naser Mahtabi
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Correspondence to Fariborz Parandin.

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Parandin, F., Mahtabi, N. Design of an ultra-compact and high-contrast ratio all-optical NOR gate. Opt Quant Electron 53, 666 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-021-03322-y

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