Abstract
In this work, a wideband serial hybrid fiber amplifier based on second order stimulated Raman scattering (SO-SRS) is demonstrated. The optimum pumping power for Raman fiber amplifier with SO-SRS, is determined for six different Raman gain medium lengths. A wide flat gain bandwidth is achieved within the short, conventional and long band (S + C + L band) about 90 nm with average gain level of 25.165 dB and 19.649 dB for Raman gain medium length of 5 km and 15 km, respectively. According to the results, the average hybrid gain level is decreased as the gain medium length increased at optimum pumping condition. Furthermore, the Raman pumping power in which the lower Raman Stokes power reaches to the saturation region represent the optimum pumping power for the higher order Raman Stokes.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abass, A.K., Jamaludin, M.Z., Al-Mansoori, M.H., Abdullah, F., Al-Mashhadani, T.F., Ali, M.H.: Pump power optimization for linear cavity multiwavelength Brillouin-Raman fiber laser. Opt.—Int. J. Light Electron Opt. 126(18), 1731–1734 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijleo.2015.05.022
Abass, A.K., Ali, M.H., Al-hussein, S.A.A.: Wideband flat–gain hybrid fiber amplifier utilizing combined serial–parallel configuration. Int. J. Nanoelectron. Mater. 11(Special Issue BOND21), 17–22 (2018a)
Abass, A.K., Ali, M.H., Al-Hussein, S.A.A.: Optimization of hybrid fiber amplifier utilizing combined serial-parallel configuration. In: IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, vol. 454, p. 012014 (2018b). https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/454/1/012014
Abdullah, F., Jamaludin M.Z.: Influence of Raman pump direction on the performance of serial hybrid fiber amplifier in C + L-band. In: 2018 IEEE 7th International Conference on Photonics (ICP), pp. 1–3 (2018)
Abu Bakar, M.H., Mahamd Adikan, F.R., Ibrahim, N.H., Mahdi, M.A.: L-band R-EDFA/Raman hybrid amplifier with enhanced higher-order pumping scheme utilizing stimulated Raman scattering. Opt. Commun. 291, 155–161 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optcom.2012.10.041
Agrawal, G.P.: Fiber-Optic Communication Systems, 4th edn. Wiley, New York (2010)
Ali, M.H., Abdullahi, F., Jamaludini, M.Z., AI-Mansoori, M.H., AI-Mashhadani, T.F., Abass, A.K.: Effect of EDF position on the performance of hybrid dispersion-compensating Raman/EDF amplifier. In: 4th International Conference on Photonics, ICP 2013—Conference Proceeding, pp. 187–189 (2013)
Ali, M.H., Abdullah, F., Jamaludin, M.Z., Al-Mansoori, M.H., Al-Mashhadani, T.F., Abass, A.K.: Simulation and experimental validation of gain-control parallel hybrid fiber amplifier. J. Opt. Soc. Korea 18(6), 657–662 (2014)
Ali, M.H., Abdullah, F., Jamaludin, M.Z., Al-Mansoori, M.H., Abass, A.K., Al-Mashhadani, T.F.: Effect of cascading amplification stages on the performance of serial hybrid fiber amplifier. Fiber Integr. Opt. 34(3), 157–170 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1080/01468030.2015.1061621
Ali, M.H., Abass, A.K., Saleh, M.A., Hikmat, S.A.: Wideband serial hybrid fiber amplifier utilizing higher order stimulated Raman scattering. In: Third Scientific Conference of Electrical Engineering (SCEE) (2018)
Ali, M.H., Abass, A.K., Abd Al-Hussein, S.A.: 32 Channel × 40 Gb/s WDM optical communication system utilizing different configurations of hybrid fiber amplifier. Opt. Quantum Electron. 51(6), 1–8 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-019-1842-8
Almukhtar, A.A., et al.: Enhanced triple-pass hybrid erbium doped fiber amplifier using distribution pumping scheme in a dual-stage configuration. Opt.—Int. J. Light Electron Opt. 204, 164191 (2020)
Cheng, T., Gao, W., Xue, X., Suzuki, T., Ohishi, Y.: Fourth-order cascaded Raman shift in a birefringence ZBLAN fluoride fiber. Opt. Fiber Technol. 36, 245–248 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yofte.2017.04.005
Hadjar, Y., Traynor, N.J., Gray, S.: Enhanced double Rayleigh backscattering in second order Raman amplification and system performance implications. Opt. Commun. 229(1–6), 419–423 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optcom.2003.10.054
Headley, C., Agrawal, G.P.: Raman Amplification in Fiber Optical Communication Systems. Elsevier, New York (2005)
Kuzin, E.A., Beltran-perez, G., Basurto-pensado, M.A., Rojas-laguna, R.: Stimulated Raman scattering in a fiber with bending loss. Opt. Commun. 169(October), 87–91 (1999)
Li, Z., Zhao, C.L., Wen, Y.J., Lu, C., Wang, Y., Chen, J.: Optimization of a Raman/EDFA hybrid amplifier based on dual-order stimulated Raman scattering using a single-pump. Opt. Commun. 265(2), 655–658 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optcom.2006.03.049
Rapp, L.: Performance limits of unrepeatered systems using higher-order codirectional Raman pumping. AEU—Int. J. Electron. Commun. 67(7), 616–623 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeue.2013.01.004
Sun, G.: Impact of reflecting residual first-order pump power on discrete higher order pumped raman amplifier. Opt. Commun. 239(4–6), 455–460 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optcom.2004.05.047
Sun, G., Cai, Z., Ye, C.: Dual-order Raman fiber laser with suppressed low-frequency pump-to-stokes RIN transfer. Opt. Commun. 260(2), 645–648 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optcom.2005.10.067
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ali, M.H., Ali, A.H., Abdulsatar, S.M. et al. Pump power optimization for hybrid fiber amplifier utilizing second order stimulated Raman scattering. Opt Quant Electron 52, 274 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-020-02400-x
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-020-02400-x