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Implementation of optical gray code converter and even parity checker using the electro-optic effect in the Mach–Zehnder interferometer

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Abstract

The Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI) structures working on the principle electro-optical effect shows the powerful ability to switch the optical signal from one output port to the another output port. Hence, it is possible to construct some complex optical combinational digital circuits using the electro-optic effect based MZI structure as a basic building block. The implementation of electrical binary to optical gray code converters and even parity checkers can improve the performance of the digital logic circuits. The paper provides the elementary theory about the electro-optic effects and describes efficient techniques to implement the electrical binary to optical gray code converters and even parity checkers using appropriate configuration of electro-optic based MZIs as basic building blocks. The paper includes the detailed mathematical derivation and corresponding MATLAB simulation result related to the optical switching phenomena of MZI structure. The paper describes the efficient techniques to implement the electrical binary to optical gray code converters and even parity checkers with the suitable mathematical expression and relevant MATLAB results. The proposed devices are verified with the appropriate optiBPM software. Finally, the paper shows the detailed analysis to check the appropriate device parameters such as Ti-thickness, switching voltages in order to obtain the optimum performance parameters such as cross-talk, extinction ratio and losses through the linear and curved waveguide section.

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Acknowledgments

This work is supported by the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) (2014–2016) sponsored Project No. ISRO/RES/4/617/2014-15 dated 01-09-2014 entitled “Photonic Microwave Arbitrary Waveform Generation with Adjustable Chirp Parameter based on Remote Sensing Applications” under taken by Dr. S. K. Raghuwanshi which is funded by ISRO Ahmedabad. Authors would like to acknowledge ISRO for financial support to conduct the present research work and grateful to Optiwave Corporation, Canada for OptiBPM 11.0 software.

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  1. Photonics Laboratory, Department of Electronics Engineering, Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad, 826004, Jharkhand, India

    Ajay Kumar & Sanjeev Kumar Raghuwanshi

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  1. Ajay Kumar
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  2. Sanjeev Kumar Raghuwanshi
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Correspondence to Sanjeev Kumar Raghuwanshi.

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Kumar, A., Raghuwanshi, S.K. Implementation of optical gray code converter and even parity checker using the electro-optic effect in the Mach–Zehnder interferometer. Opt Quant Electron 47, 2117–2140 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-014-0087-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-014-0087-9

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