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Modeling the impact of land reclamation on storm surges in Bohai Sea, China

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Abstract

A nested model for the simulation of tides and storm surges in the Bohai Sea, China, has been developed based on the three-dimensional finite-volume coastal ocean model. The larger domain covers the entire Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea with a horizontal resolution of ~10 km, and the smaller domain focuses on the Bohai Sea with a fine resolution up to ~300 m. For the four representative storm surges caused by extratropical storms and typhoons, the simulated surge heights are in good agreement with observations at coastal tide gauges. A series of sensitivity experiments are carried out to assess the influence of coastline change due to land reclamation in recent decades on water levels during storm surges. Simulation results suggest that changes in coastline cause changes in the amplitude and phase of the tidal elevation, and fluctuations of surge height after the peak stage of the storm surges. Hence, for the assessment of the influence of coastline changes on the total water level during storm surges, the amplitudes and phases of both the tidal and surge heights need to be taken into account. For the three major ports in the Bohai Bay, model results suggest that land reclamation has created a coastline structure that favors increasing the maximum water level by 0.1–0.2 m. Considering that during the storm surges the total water level is close to or even exceeds the warning level for these ports, further increasing the maximum water level by 0.1–0.2 m has the potential to cause severe damages and losses in these ports.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by Tianjin Municipal Science of Technology Commission (Grant 15JCYBJC22400) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant 40806008). The authors would like to express their sincere gratitude to Prof. Youyu Lu and Prof. Shanhong Gao for helping in the present study and the anonymous reviewers for the very encouraging and constructive comments on the originally submitted manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Science, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300222, China

    Yumei Ding

  2. School of Marine Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China

    Hao Wei

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  1. Yumei Ding
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  2. Hao Wei
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Correspondence to Yumei Ding.

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Ding, Y., Wei, H. Modeling the impact of land reclamation on storm surges in Bohai Sea, China. Nat Hazards 85, 559–573 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-016-2586-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-016-2586-4

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